unit 8 Biology

2. a fissure on the seabed from which geothermally heated water discharges.
7. being the deep zone of an ocean or lake receiving too little light to permit photosynthesis.
9. a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.
12. the secondary ecological succession of a plant's life.
14. hardy species that are the first to colonize barren environments or previously biodiverse steady-state ecosystems that have been disrupted, such as by wildfire.
17. occurs when an amount of any substance or any form of energy is put into the environment at a rate faster than it can be dispersed or safely stored.
19. In scientific ecology, climax community or climatic climax community is a historic term for a community of plants,
20. an area classified according to the species that live in that location.
21. long-term heating of Earth's surface observed since the pre industrial period due to human activities.
22. introduced species to an environment that becomes overpopulated and harms its new environment.

1. a phenomenon in which a species' population becomes larger than the carrying capacity of its environment.
3. happens when a new patch of land is created or exposed for the first time.
4. a land region on the earth's surface covered by biological communities that group under the same climatic patterns like rainfall and temperature.
5. the competitive exclusion principle, sometimes referred to as Gause's law.
6. when humans remove or thin forests for lumber or to use the land where the trees stood for crops, grazing, extraction
8. the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream
10. the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone.
11. the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems.
13. relating to water.
15. a species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change
16. relating to light, especially as an agent of chemical change or physiological response.
18. a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.