Unit 9 - Cosmology and the Big Bang

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Across
  1. 4. study of the universe as a totality; theory of the origin and structure of the universe
  2. 6. (of the universe) a sudden and dramatic expansion of the universe thought to have occurred immediately following the big bang.
  3. 7. The idea that matter is distributed uniformly throughout the universe on very large scales, meaning that the universe has neither a center nor an edge.
  4. 11. a mysterious force that appears to be causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate
  5. 12. The theoretical density of the universe that would create a flat universe.
  6. 14. The observation that the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away.
  7. 15. the universe has always existed and always will, in the state it is in now
  8. 16. of the Universe the overall curvature of space in the Universe produced by a combination of all its matter and energy. The Universe appears to be very close to the critical density, at which there is no overall curvature, a condition astronomers describe as a "flat" Universe.
  9. 18. The distance in our universe beyond which we cannot see
  10. 19. a model of the universe that has a critical density and in which the geometry of the universe is flat, like a sheet of paper
  11. 20. A "complementary" form of matter composed of atoms that have negative nuclei surrounded by positive charges called positrons.
Down
  1. 1. a constant representing the rate of expansion of the universe
  2. 2. the rapid expansion of matter from a state of extremely high density and temperature that according to current cosmological theories marked the origin of the universe.
  3. 3. a constant in Einstein's equations of space and time that represents a force of repulsion
  4. 5. A paradox pointing out that if the universe were infinite in both age and size (with stars found throughout the universe), then the sky would not be dark at night, but completely illuminated.
  5. 8. (CMB) The now-cooled radiation that was released by the big bang
  6. 9. is a vision of a physics theory that can combine three of the four fundamental forces into one single equation
  7. 10. a period of time about 400,000 years after the Big Bang when matter cooled enough for electrons to combine with nuclei to form neutral atoms.
  8. 13. curvature a form of curved space sometimes described as being "open" because it has no boundary
  9. 17. curvature bending of space leading to a finite volume. A space that is "closed." A universe with this is analogous to a spherical shape.
  10. 18. Wavelengths of light are "stretched" due to the expanding of the universe shifting spectra toward red.