Across
- 3. was a French judge, man of letters, historian, and political philosopher. He is the principal source of the theory of separation of powers, which is implemented in many constitutions throughout the world.
- 7. a country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority.
- 8. an implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits, for example by sacrificing some individual freedom for state protection.
- 10. the process of making an area more urban.
- 11. was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher, satirist, and historian. Famous for his wit and his criticism of Christianity and of slavery, Voltaire was an advocate of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state.
- 12. a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy, often defined by occupation, income, education, or social status.
- 14. was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen steam engine with his Watt steam engine in 1776, which was fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world.
- 18. an empirical method for acquiring knowledge that has characterized the development of science since at least the 17th century.
- 19. is a superseded astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at the center of the universe.
- 20. a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
Down
- 1. was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Age of Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational thought.
- 2. was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. He was born in the city of Pisa, then part of the Duchy of Florence.
- 4. was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "father of liberalism".
- 5. a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
- 6. also known as the Congo Conference or West Africa Conference, met on 15 November 1884, and after an adjournment concluded on 26 February 1885, with the signature of a General Act, regulating the European colonisation and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period.
- 9. a building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled chiefly by machine.
- 13. a production process that breaks the manufacture of a good into steps that are completed in a pre-defined sequence.
- 15. was an English philosopher. Hobbes is best known for his 1651 book Leviathan, in which he expounds an influential formulation of social contract theory
- 16. was an English polymath active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was described in his time as a natural philosopher. He was a key figure in the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment that followed.
- 17. is a political and religious doctrine of political legitimacy of a monarchy.