Unit 9 Vocabulary

2. an economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state control.
3. a type of economic system in which transactions between private groups of people are free from any form of economic interventionism.
4. a British mining magnate and politician in southern Africa who served as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896
5. the fundamental right of every human to control his or her own labor and property.
7. a German philosopher, economist, historian, sociologist, political theorist, journalist, critic of political economy, and socialist revolutionary
13. Scottish inventor that improved the steam engine by creating separate chambers for the steam to get hot and to cool down.
15. was the transition from creating goods by hand to using machines. Spanned from about 1760 to 1840.
18. second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885-1908
19. an 18th-century Scottish philosopher. He is considered the father of modern economics.
21. a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
22. if the supply of goods or services outstrips demand, prices will fall. If demand exceeds supply, prices will rise
23. the manufacturing of large quantities of standardized products, often using assembly lines or automation technology.
24. artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea

1. 1884–1885 marked the climax of the European competition for territory in Africa
6. a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned
8. was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company
9. refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas
10. is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment"
11. a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.
12. ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership
14. is a means of subcontracting work. Historically, it was also known as the workshop system
16. fought between China and Great Britain from 1839 to 1842
17. a French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization
20. a multi-spindle spinning frame, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of textile manufacturing during the early Industrial Revolution.