Unit B Vocab

2. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom.
4. Consists of an element's symbol, representing the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons, that is surrounded by dots, representing the atom's valence electrons.
5. The electrons in an atom's outermost orbitals; determine the chemical properties of an element.
8. the overall charge of the nucleus and its pull on the electrons.
10. An element that is solid at room temperature, a good conductor and electricity, and generally is shiny; most metals are ductile and malleable.
12. An element in groups 3-12 that is contained in the d-block of the periodic table and, with some exceptions, is characterized by a filled outermost s orbital of energy level n, and filled or partially filled d orbitals of energy level n-1.
16. the nonreactive group 18 elements.
17. the ability of a material to be stretched and molded into a wire.
19. the ability of a material to be hammered/flattened into a sheet.
21. The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom; generally increases in moving from left-to-right across a period and decreases in moving down a group.

1. A vertical column of elements in the periodic table arranged in order of increasing atomic number; also called family.
3. the energy shells of an atom that "block" the nuclear pull from the valence electrons.
4. Indicates the relative ability of an elements atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
6. Elements that are generally gases or dull, brittle solids that are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
7. The arrangement of electrons in an atom, which is prescribed by three rules the Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.
9. A three-dimensional region around the nucleus of an atom that describes an electrons probable location.
11. A highly reactive group 17 element.
13. Consists of an element's symbol, representing the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons, that is surrounded by dots, representing the atom's valence electrons.
14. Earth Metal Group 2 elements in the modern periodic table and are highly reactive.
15. A horizontal row of elements in the modern periodic table.
18. Metal Group 1 elements, except for hydrogen, they are reactive and usually exist as compounds with other elements.
20. An element that physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals.