Unit D

2. measure of how the speed of the object is affected by a machine calculated by dividing distance by the output distance
3. measurement of how well a machine or device uses energy; can be calculated by dividing mechanical advantage by speed ratio or by dividing work output by work input
6. done when a force acts on an object to make the object move; calculated by multiplying force times distance
8. special type of linkage for transferring the energy from the engine to the wheels in a large vehicle such as cars and trucks
10. simple machine made up of a wire, rope, or cable moving on a grooved wheel; may be
13. tool or device made up of one basic machine
14. simple machine made up of a flat surface, such as a board, at an angle to another flat surface, such as the ground or a table top; ramp
18. force a machine applies to an object
20. smaller group of parts within a complex machine that performs a specific function
22. amount by which a machine can multiply a force; calculated by dividing the output force by the input force

1. when pressure is applied to a liquid in a container, the pressure and force is transmitted equally and undiminished throughout the liquid; an enclosed liquid transmits pressure equally in all directions
4. system that uses a liquid under pressure to move loads; device that uses liquids in a confined space to transfer forces; works according to Pascal’s law
5. system in which simple machines all work together; parts of a complex machine that have just one function are called subsystems and often contain a simple machine
7. a group of parts that work together to perform a general function, forming a complex machine
9. device that helps us do work
11. a simple machine that consists of a cylinder with a groove cut in a spiral on the outside
12. simple machine made up of two wheels of different diameters that turn together; a longer motion on the wheel produces a shorter but more powerful motion at the axle
15. a simple machine made up of a rigid bar or plank that rotates on a fixed object called a pivot or fulcrum
16. purpose or task
17. force applied to operate a machine
19. force that opposes motion
21. up of one or many wheels; can be fixed in place or movable
23. belt or chain to transfer energy from an energy source to an object