Unit One World History Vocab. Review

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Across
  1. 3. Empire that initially punished those who attempted to worship God, often executing them by burning or lions.
  2. 6. According to Diamond, an animal must grow very ________ in order to be worth farming.
  3. 7. In North & South America, the only large available mammal that could be domesticated was the __________.
  4. 9. Greek city-state that prioritized education of the arts and sciences, they developed the world’s first large democracy.
  5. 11. Muslim name for God.
  6. 13. One pillar of Islam states that individuals should pay a 2.5% tax to help support _____________.
  7. 14. The founder of Christianity, many felt that he was a new prophet who was actually the Son of God.
  8. 15. Religious term for someone who is believed to have spoken to God and have a message to spread.
  9. 19. Mesopotamian king who published one of the first systems of written law.
  10. 20. The Four Noble Truths state that __________ is the cause of all human suffering.
  11. 22. A textbook or documentary would be an example of a _________________ source of information.
  12. 25. Someone who dies for their beliefs, often specifically their religion.
  13. 29. Roman individual who had to final say in all matters of Roman Law & Order in the Roman Empire.
  14. 30. Many Gods
  15. 34. Written language that developed in Mesopotamia, evolving from pictographs.
  16. 38. The achievement of complete happiness and enlightenment in Buddhism is known as ____________.
  17. 40. Hunter & Gatherers were considered _____________ due to the fact that they constantly had to move around to find food and shelter.
  18. 44. According to Diamond, an animal must have a _________ society structure in order to be domesticated by humans.
  19. 46. the _______________ River civilization built one of the world’s first toilet systems.
  20. 47. One God
  21. 49. Classical civilization that had city-states that developed independently due to its mountainous terrain.
  22. 50. Holy book of Christianity.
  23. 51. Christian belief that there is a Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
  24. 53. Holt says that in order to be a civilization a society must have developed ___________________ where individuals learn and perform unique complex tasks and skills.
  25. 55. Original continent of human beings.
  26. 56. Direction that the wind blows on the Nile River, allowing people to sail to Upper Egypt.
  27. 58. Controversial Islamic holy text that promotes peace but if often manipulated by terrorists to encourage violence.
  28. 60. According to Judaism, the “promised land” was offered to the people of this prophet of God, in exchange for his loyalty.
  29. 61. Oldest of the monotheistic religions that we studied in class.
  30. 63. Number of Commandments (from God) that Christians believe were given to Moses.
  31. 65. The ____________ Testament of the Bible is mostly unique to Christianity, because it focuses on the teachings of Jesus Christ.
  32. 67. Type of democratic system that was invented by the Athenians.
  33. 70. According to Jared Diamond, inequality on earth can be explained by the availability of large mammals that can be ____________________ for food, clothing, etc.
  34. 71. The ___________ Fold Pathway prescribes multiple habits that Buddhist should strive for in order to become content and happy with their lives.
  35. 72. Collection of religious stories and rules; it is the holy book for the Jewish faith.
  36. 74. Ethnic group of people that founded the Jewish faith & escaped Egyptian slavery.
  37. 77. Macedonian individual who is remembered for his “great” achievements, such as building an empire that spanned from Egypt to India.
  38. 80. Judaism, Islam, & Christianity are considered _________________ religions because they all believe that Abraham was the first prophet of God.
  39. 82. The emancipation or release from the cycle of reincarnation is known as _____________ and is the ultimate goal of Hinduism.
  40. 83. A collection of stories and viewpoints about a past event, that strive to recreate the story as accurately as possible.
  41. 86. Greek city-state that developed a masculine warrior culture, but also granted extensive freedoms to women.
  42. 87. Scientific tool that allows scientists to trace back to the origins of human evolution.
  43. 88. Oldest of the monotheistic religions that we studied in class, it originated in Mecca.
  44. 89. The Greek term for a city-state.
Down
  1. 1. The holiest city for Muslims and the birthplace of Islam.
  2. 2. This historical dating abbreviation (c.) means “approximately”
  3. 4. Dates that are labeled “A.D” would fall on the __________ side of a timeline.
  4. 5. Man who led to exodus, or exit, of Jews out of Egyptian slavery.
  5. 6. Head of the family unit in Roman society.
  6. 8. One pillar of Islam states that individuals should make a pilgrimage to ____________ during their lifetime.
  7. 10. Holt says that a town must be able to grow a _____________ of food in order for it to evolve into a civilization.
  8. 11. Government body of Athens, it had over 40,000 members who could vote (but only need 6,000 people to conduct business).
  9. 12. Region of northern Greece, people from this area eventually united all the Greek city-states.
  10. 15. Macedonian individual who built the first Greek military that was loyal to an individual instead of a city-state.
  11. 16. Christians and Jews would most likely agree with the stories in the __________ Testament of the Bible.
  12. 17. Stories about events and people that occurred in the past.
  13. 18. Government body of the Roman Republic, it contained a few hundred men, usually from Rome’s oldest families.
  14. 19. Jared diamond argues that an animal must be a _________________ in order to be economically efficient to grow. (Hint: grass is cheap! Meat is not!)
  15. 21. In Rome, the public _____________ were one of the only places where rich and poor interacted side by side.
  16. 23. Holt says that civilizations usually have a ______________ system in order to plan for droughts and floods.
  17. 24. Samsara is the Hindu belief in the system of _____________ upon one’s death.
  18. 26. Socioeconomic group that had educational opportunities in ancient Rome.
  19. 27. The founder of Buddhism was a prince who became known as _______________.
  20. 28. Monotheistic religion that started in the Roman Empire around 4BCE – 30CE.
  21. 30. Art, Artifacts, and Journals would all be examples of ______________ sources of historical information.
  22. 31. Probably the world’s oldest religion, it has 900 million followers despite being over 12,000 years old.
  23. 32. Civilization that is built in the “fertile crescent” of the Middle East, between two rivers.
  24. 33. Holt says that societies must have a system of ______________ in order to be a civilization.
  25. 35. The approximate age of the earth according to historians and scientists is 4.5 ___________ years old.
  26. 36. The shift from hunting & gathering to farming was known as the __________________ Revolution.
  27. 37. A specific point in time that can never be 100% fully recreated.
  28. 39. Location where Romans often viewed Gladiator battles for entertainment.
  29. 41. Another abbreviation for AD, it is considered the modern alternative that is more culturally sensitive.
  30. 42. Most historians believe that Jesus was a member of this ethnicity.
  31. 43. According to Diamond, an animal must ______________ in captivity in order to be worth farming.
  32. 45. Direction of the flow of water in the Nile River.
  33. 48. According to Islam, that last (and most important) prophet that existed on earth was ________________.
  34. 52. People of this river civilization wrote on animal’s bones in order to try to predict the future.
  35. 54. Greek & Roman religious views would be classified as having many gods, or _______________.
  36. 57. Holt says that a civilization typically forms larges cities with complex ____________________ systems.
  37. 59. Angel that Muslims believe communicated with Muhammad during the Spiritual Transformation.
  38. 62. Someone who practices Islam is known to be ________________.
  39. 64. African civilization that was built around the Nile River.
  40. 66. Jews believe that Moses helped slaves escape Egypt by opening the _________ Sea.
  41. 68. The original Jewish name for the area of land that is now known as Israel.
  42. 69. Original first name of the Buddha
  43. 73. Most Greek city-states were ruled by a _________.
  44. 75. An event that occurred 3014 years ago occurred in 1000 _______.
  45. 76. The Hindu belief that individuals have a unique and separate moral duty in their lives.
  46. 78. This region of the world had the largest number of native species that could be domesticated (giving it an early edge).
  47. 79. Mesopotamia cities were built around the _____________ & Euphrates rivers.
  48. 80. Continent that, according to Diamond, had ZERO native animals that could be domesticated.
  49. 81. One pillar of Islam states that individuals must fast from sunrise to sunset during the 30-day period known as ______________.
  50. 84. According to Jared Diamond, inequality on earth can be explained by the type of native ________ that were available to grow.
  51. 85. The Buddhist belief that your actions have positive or negative consequences in your life, depending on the nature of your decisions.