Across
- 1. a person involved in the ownership and management of industry.
- 4. financier and banker who dominated corporate finance on Wall Street throughout the Gilded Age.
- 7. an area of public land in the West (usually 160 acres) granted to any US citizen willing to settle on and farm the land for at least five years.
- 9. a political machine in New York, run by machine boss William Tweed with assistance from George Washington Plunkitt.
- 10. policy advocating for the protection of the native population at the expense of immigrants.
- 11. term used to refer to wealthy U.S. industrialists from the late nineteenth century who exploited resources to amass wealth.
- 12. was founded in 1881 by Samuel Gompers. This union hoped to unite workers with similar economic interests.
- 18. industrialist and founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust.
- 19. the movement of people from the countryside to towns and cities.
- 22. economic activity characterized by manufacturing of goods.
- 28. crossing a continent.
- 30. someone who gives to charity.
- 31. the idea of workers acting together, or collectively, is the essence of a union, as it gives workers the power to convince the management to make a compromise.
- 35. rules made by a government or other authority in order to control the way something is done or the way people behave.
- 38. the migration of people to live in cities.
- 39. the ability of an individual or a group of people to influence the thoughts, actions, and mindset of people in a nation.
Down
- 2. industrialist and philanthropist who led the expansion of the American steel industry int he late 19th Century.
- 3. moving from one's homeland to live in another place.
- 5. 1. the act or process of making coins ; 2 ยท money in the form of coins
- 6. the political philosophy of focusing on "average" people.
- 8. the purpose of this federal law was to stop monopolies engaging in unfair practices that prevented fair competition.
- 13. a system or method of appointing government employees on the basis of competitive examinations, rather than by political patronage.
- 14. a company having complete control over the supply of a product or service.
- 15. regulated the preparation of foods and the sale o medicines.
- 16. the first federal law to restrict immigration to the United States.
- 17. the idea that the US was chosen by God to spread across the continent and that the expansion of the United States was the people's destiny.
- 20. this union demanded an 8-hour work day, higher wages, and safety codes in factories. They opposed child labor ad supported equal pay for women. The also supported restrictions on immigration.
- 21. a person (or small group) who starts a business in the hope of making a profit.
- 23. adopting the culture of a nation or group
- 24. this novel (by Upton Sinclair)portrays the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the United States in Chicago and similar industrialized cities. Sinclair's primary purpose in describing the meat industry and its working conditions was to advance socialism in the United States.
- 25. a group of companies controlled by a single corporate board.
- 26. this act sought to make Native Americans assimilate into American culture (instead of their own)and split Native American land into allotments (private plots of land that were to be used as farms).
- 27. an official inspection of an individual's or organization's accounts, typically by an independent body.
- 29. a member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.
- 32. this federal law prohibited unfair practices by railroads, such as charging higher rates for shorter routes.
- 33. the time period from 1865 to 1900 that coined its name because the time period "looked like gold on the outside but was something crude on the inside."
- 34. American business magnate who built his wealth in railroads and shipping.
- 36. when political parties used illegal means (like bribes and extortion) and legal means (like convincing the poor to vote a certain way by promising them jobs) to control elections they were called...
- 37. the leader of a "political machine."