Across
- 3. The ____ corpuscle consists of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule
- 5. The renal _____ is the medullary area of the renal pyramids where collecting ducts empty urine into the minor calyces
- 6. Absence of urine produced; production of 50 mL or less per day
- 10. Finger-like projections of podocytes surrounding glomerular capillaries; interdigitate to form a filtration membrane
- 12. Cup-like structures receiving urine from the collecting ducts where it passes on to the renal pelvis and ureter
- 14. functional units of the kidney that carry out all filtration and modification to produce urine; consist of renal corpuscles, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and descending and ascending loops of Henle; drain into collecting ducts
- 15. Presence of glucose in the urine; caused by high blood glucose levels that exceed the ability of the kidneys to reabsorb the glucose; usually the result of untreated or poorly controlled diabetes mellitus
- 17. The ________ micturition center is a group of neurons in the sacral region of the spinal cord that controls urination; acts reflexively unless its action is modified by higher brain centers to allow voluntary urination
- 18. ______ I is a protein produced by the enzymatic action of renin on angiotensinogen; inactive precursor of angiotensin II
Down
- 1. _______ feedback is feedback mechanism involving the JGA; macula densa cells monitor Na+ concentration in the terminal portion of the ascending loop of Henle and act to cause vasoconstriction or vasodilation of afferent and efferent arterioles to alter GFR
- 2. Inner region of kidney containing the renal pyramids
- 4. ______ tight junctions are tight junctions in which the sealing strands of proteins between the membranes of adjacent cells are fewer in number and incomplete; allows limited intercellular movement of solvent and solutes
- 7. Plant polysaccharide injected to determine GFR; is neither secreted nor absorbed by the kidney, so its appearance in the urine is directly proportional to its filtration rate
- 8. Urine production in excess of 2.5 L/day; may be caused by diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, or excessive use of diuretics
- 9. _____ convoluted tubules are portions of the nephron distal to the loop of Henle that receive hyposmotic filtrate from the loop of Henle and empty into collecting ducts
- 11. ______ arteriole is an arteriole carrying blood from the glomerulus to the capillary beds around the convoluted tubules and loop of Henle; portion of the portal system
- 13. ____ recta are branches of the efferent arterioles that parallel the course of the loops of Henle and are continuous with the peritubular capillaries; with the glomerulus, form a portal system
- 16. filtration _____ are formed by pedicels of podocytes; substances filter between the pedicels based on size