U.S. Constitution

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  1. 2. the fundamental law of the U.S. federal system of government and a landmark document of the Western world. The oldest written national constitution in use, it defines the principal organs of government and their jurisdictions and the basic rights of citizens.
  2. 3. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: Alexander Hamilton, John Lansing, Jr., Robert Yates
  3. 4. the first 10 amendments to the Constitution. Congress proposed the first amendments to the states for ratification on September 25, 1789.
  4. 10. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: Elbridge Gerry, Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King, Caleb Strong
  5. 12. describes the ratification process for the Constitution. It called for special state ratifying conventions. Nine states were required to enact the Constitution. Rhode Island became the 13th state to ratify the Constitution in 1790.
  6. 13. provides that citizens not be subject to criminal prosecution and punishment without due process. Citizens may not be tried on the same set of facts twice and are protected from self-incrimination (the right to remain silent).
  7. 14. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: David Brearly, Jonathan Dayton, William C. Houston, William Livingston, William Paterson
  8. 15. assigns all powers not delegated to the United States, or prohibited to the States, to either the States or to the people.
  9. 17. consists of the President, his or her advisors and various departments and agencies. This branch is responsible for enforcing the laws of the land.
  10. 19. outlines states’ powers in relationship to each other. States have the authority to create and enforce their own laws but must respect and help enforce the laws of other states.
  11. 22. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: George Clymer, Thomas Fitzsimons, Benjamin Franklin, Jared Ingersoll, Thomas Mifflin, Gouverneur Morris, Robert Morris, James Wilson
  12. 25. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: Daniel Carroll, Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, Luther Martin, James McHenry, John F. Mercer
  13. 26. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: John Blair, James Madison Jr., George Mason, James McClurg, Edmund J. Randolph, George Washington, George Wythe
  14. 27. explains the amendment process, which is different and more difficult than the process for making laws.
  15. 28. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: Richard Bassett, Gunning Bedford, Jr., Jacob Broom, John Dickinson, George Read
  16. 29. assures the right to a speedy trial by a jury of one’s peers, to be informed of the crimes with which one is charged, and to confront the witnesses brought forward by the government.
  17. 31. prohibits excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments.
  18. 33. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: Abraham Baldwin, William Few, William Houston, William L. Pierce
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  1. 1. protects citizens from unreasonable search and seizure. The government may not conduct any searches without a warrant, and such warrants must be issued by a judge and based on probable cause.
  2. 5. made up of the House and Senate, known collectively as the Congress which makes the laws.
  3. 6. provides that Congress make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting its free exercise. It protects freedom of speech, the press, assembly, and the right to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
  4. 7. gives citizens the right to bear arms.
  5. 8. states that the list of rights enumerated in the Constitution is not exhaustive, and that the people retain all rights not enumerated.
  6. 9. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: Nicholas Gilman, John Langdon
  7. 11. states that Federal law is supreme, or higher than, state and local laws. This means that if a state law conflicts with a Federal law, Federal law takes precedence.
  8. 16. establishes the Judicial Branch with the U.S. Supreme Court as the federal court system’s highest court. It specifies that Federal judges be appointed for life unless they commit a serious crime.
  9. 18. consists of the U.S. Supreme Court and which interprets the laws.Connecticut
  10. 20. prohibits the government from quartering troops in private homes, a major grievance during the American Revolution.
  11. 21. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: William. Blount William R. Davie, Alexander Martin, Richard. Dobbs Spaight, Hugh Williamson
  12. 23. provides that civil cases preserve the right to trial by jury.
  13. 24. details the Executive Branch and the offices of the President and Vice President. It lays down rules for electing the President (through the Electoral College), eligibility (must be a natural-born citizen at least 35 years old), and term length. The 12th and 25th Amendments modified some of these rules.
  14. 29. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: Pierce Butler, Charles Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, John Rutledge
  15. 30. assigns the responsibility for making laws to the Legislative Branch (Congress). Congress is divided into two parts, or “Houses,” the House of Representatives and the Senate.
  16. 32. Founding fathers of U.S. Constitution for this state: Oliver Ellsworth, William. Samuel Johnson, Roger Sherman