Across
- 1. A type of uranium that is a critical component for both civil nuclear power and military nuclear weapons.
- 5. The 2015 nuclear deal between Iran and global powers that restricted Iran's nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief.
- 8. Groups backed by Iran, such as the Houthis and Hezbollah, used to expand regional conflict against Israel and the US.
- 9. A 2025 military operation involving direct airstrikes by the US and Israel on Iranian nuclear facilities.
- 10. A system of government by one person with absolute power; in this context, it refers to the strengthened rule of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi.
- 11. name given to Nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons; preventing their acquisition by Iran has been a primary US goal.
- 15. for Peace: A 1957 agreement signed by President Eisenhower that provided Iran with nuclear materials and training, launching its modern nuclear program.
- 18. The 444-day period from 1979 to 1981 during which 52 Americans were held captive by militants who stormed the US Embassy in Tehran.
- 22. A joint pledge by President Biden and Israel to never allow Iran to obtain a nuclear weapon.
- 26. 1953 ______ d'état: A US and UK-backed operation that overthrew Iran's Prime Minister to stop oil nationalization and strengthen the Shah's rule.
- 27. An official designation applied to Iran by the US State Department in 1984 that continues today.
- 28. A 2018 campaign initiated by the Trump administration to devastate Iran's economy after withdrawing from the JCPOA.
- 32. narrow body of water that connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman
- 33. The process by which a government attempts to take control of an industry
Down
- 2. The former name of British Petroleum (BP), a major oil company headquartered in London that was at the center of early 20th-century tensions.
- 3. A 2020 US drone strike that killed Iran's second most powerful leader, bringing the nations to the brink of war.
- 4. A term used by President George W. Bush to describe nations, including Iran, accused of pursuing WMDs and exporting terror.
- 6. a major oil company headquartered in London that was at the center of early 20th-century tensions.
- 7. A major conflict from 1980–1988 where Iraq invaded Iran; the US eventually sided with Iraq.
- 12. a title of the former monarch of Iran.
- 13. The Shah’s secret police, notorious for the surveillance, arrest, torture, and execution of political dissidents.
- 14. The principle of separating government institutions from religious ones, which was perceived by some in Iran as an attack on Islamic values.
- 16. The highest-ranking political and religious authority in the Islamic Republic, first held by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
- 17. Strict oversight by this agency to inspect Iran’s nuclear program (initials)
- 19. An event on September 8, 1978, where the Shah's military opened fire on protesters in Tehran, ending hopes for a peaceful compromise.
- 20. The official mottos adopted by the new Iranian regime following the 1979 revolution about America.
- 21. A series of reforms introduced by the Shah in 1963 intended to modernize Iran and transform it into a global power.
- 23. An official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country; the US implemented a near-total embargo on Iran.
- 24. A 2026 operation resulting in the deaths of Supreme Leader Khamenei and other senior officials.
- 25. The 1979 uprising that ended the monarchy and established the Islamic Republic.
- 29. the way a country's land and resources affect its government, trade, and relationships with other countries
- 30. religious leader in Iran.
- 31. A joint US-Israeli cyber attack discovered in 2010 that sabotaged computers used in Iran's nuclear program.