Viruses

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Across
  1. 2. part of bacteriophage
  2. 3. The nucleic acid will become part of the hosts cells chromosome
  3. 6. Protein coat that surrounds the DNA or RNA in virion
  4. 9. Enzyme breaks down the cell wall/membrane of the host and the host cell burst open and dies
  5. 10. Remain in the bloodstream and provides future immunity
  6. 14. Host cell's metabolic machinery makes viral nucleus acid and proteins. Also known as replication
  7. 15. Viral nucleic acid that remains in latent (inactive) form but will be replicated as part of its chromosome
  8. 18. Moves into the tissues and will engulf pathogens
  9. 22. Protein attached to the surface of a virus.Allows for recognition of the virion which will initiate the immune response
  10. 27. First line of defense that that the body uses no matter what.-born with this
  11. 30. Longer cycle of infection includes lytic cycle
  12. 32. Allows you to build up immunity to a pathogen without having to be infected with the pathogen
  13. 33. Divides into memory b-cells and plasma b-cells
  14. 34. Must recognize and attach itself to a receptor site on the plasma membrane of the host cell- like a dock
  15. 35. Microscopic particle that can infect the cells of an organism
  16. 39. Membrane around the capsid and present in many larger viruses. Helps the virus enter cells
  17. 41. Attacks host cells by binding directly (must have membranous envelope) with the host cells membrane and inserting the entire protein capsid -goes through reverse transcriptase
Down
  1. 1. Defense that will respond differently for each pathogen that is invading, it needs to develop over time
  2. 4. Damaged cells release histamine, which causes capillaries to dilate and increase in permeability. Protein and fluids will enter into the tissues which causes swelling and an increase redness (increase blood supply). Phagocytes will move into tissues and will engulf the pathogens
  3. 5. Nucleic acid is injected into the host cell
  4. 7. Produce antibodies
  5. 8. Virus, bacteria, or other living things that causes disease/immune response
  6. 11. known as assembly
  7. 12. Enzyme will convert the RNA into DNA
  8. 13. Released by damaged cell, it causes capillaries to dilate and increase in permeability
  9. 16. particle/virion structure Contains nuclei acid, capsid, antigen, and lipid membrane coat (varies)
  10. 17. Part of bacteriophage, antigen is located here
  11. 19. Retrovirus that causes AIDS who attacks Harper T-Cells (WBC)
  12. 20. Each virus has a very specifically shaped attachment protein that can only attach itself to a few type of cells- jigsaw puzzle
  13. 21. Special kind of virus that attacks bacteria cells only
  14. 23. Release toxic proteins that help kill infected cells
  15. 24. Two ways of infection - injection of nucleus acid - capsid enters and releases nucleus acid once inside
  16. 25. Proteins made by the plasma B-cells that bind to the antigens on the pathogen and cause agglutination (clumping)
  17. 26. The viral particles exit and go on to attach other cells
  18. 28. acid RNA or DNA but not both
  19. 29. -Skin-Sweat & oil-Tears & saliva-Ear wax-Gastric juice-Hair, mucous, & cilia-Mucous membrane
  20. 31. Signals the virgin b-cell to divide and the resulting cell develop into two different kinds of b-cells
  21. 36. Antibodies bind on the pathogen and cause them to clump together
  22. 37. Cell that the virus attaches to
  23. 38. Viral components are put together to make new viruses.
  24. 39. Shorter cycle of infection
  25. 40. Ability of the body to fight infection and/or foreign invaders by producing antibodies or killing infected cells