Vision

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Across
  1. 2. Based on behavioral experiments, Helmholtz suggested that the retina should contain three receptors that are sensitive to red, blue and green colors.
  2. 4. Central point in the retina around which the eye’s cones cluster
  3. 5. Point where the optic nerve leaves the eye because there are no receptor cells located there
  4. 6. Focuses the light rays on the retina. Transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to focus images on the retina.
  5. 14. A rare and severe form of color blindness in which individuals see only in shades of gray due to the absence or dysfunction of all cone photoreceptors. Also called achromatopsia, this condition also results in reduced visual acuity and light sensitivity.
  6. 15. Nerve cells in the visual cortex that respond to specific features, such as edges, angles, and movement depending on their specialization
  7. 16. the dimension of color determined by the wavelength of the light.
  8. 18. A condition in which nearby objects are seen more clearly than distant objects.
  9. 19. A form of color blindness in which only two of the three types of cone photoreceptors function properly. The most common forms are red-green color blindness (protanopia or deuteranopia), affecting the ability to distinguish red and green hues.
  10. 21. Conversion of light energy into neural impulses that the brain can understand.
  11. 23. Amount of energy in a wave determined by the amplitude. It is related to perceived brightness
  12. 24. If three primary colors (pigments) are mixed, subtraction of all wavelengths occurs and the color black is the result.
  13. 25. transmitted via photons, packets of energy defined as a wave-like disturbance of the electromagnetic field that permeates space and time
Down
  1. 1. Optic nerves connect to the thalamus in the middle of the brain, and the thalamus connects to the visual cortex.
  2. 2. the transformation of stimulus energy into neural impulses
  3. 3. Genetic disorder in which people are blind to green or red colors. This supports the Trichromatic theory
  4. 7. receive messages from photoreceptors and transmit them to ganglion cells, which form the optic nerve.
  5. 8. If three primary colors (lights) are mixed, the wavelengths are added and the color white is the result.
  6. 9. Carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain
  7. 10. A condition in which faraway objects are seen more clearly than near objects.
  8. 11. The process by which the eye’s lens changes shape to help focus near or far objects on the retina.
  9. 12. Processing of several aspects of the stimulus simultaneously is called
  10. 13. the distance from the peak of one wave to the peak of the next.
  11. 17. Contains sensory receptors that process visual information and sends it to the brain.
  12. 20. Transparent tissue where light enters the eye.
  13. 22. Muscle that expands and contracts to change the size of the opening (pupil) for light.