Across
- 4. An S-shaped bone, also called the collarbone, that articulates medially with the sternum and laterally with the shoulder.
- 5. Also called the sternal angle, a promenence on the sternum that lies opposite the sec¬ond intercostal space.
- 8. A result of a defect in the chest wall that allows air to enter the thoracic space.
- 9. An inferior segment of the sternum often used as a landmark for CPR.
- 11. The process of eliminating carbon dioxide from the blood by diffusion into the alveoli and exhalation from the lungs.
- 14. Injury to the lung parenchyma that results in capillary hemorrhage into the tissue.
- 15. A physical finding of air within the subcutaneous tissue.
- 18. Space within the chest that contains the heart, major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, and esophagus; located between the two lungs.
- 20. A collection of blood and air in the pleural cavity.
- 21. A collection of air within the normally closed pleural space.
- 23. Large skeletal muscle that plays a major role in breathing and separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity.
- 25. Also known as the breastbone, this bony structure along the midline of the thorax provides a point of anterior attachment for the thoracic cage.
- 26. The part of the body between the neck and the diaphragm, encased by the ribs.
Down
- 1. A prominence of the jugular veins due to increased volume or increased pressure within the central venous system or the thoracic cavity.
- 2. Also referred to as a needle thoracentesis, this procedure introduces a needle or angiocath into the pleural space in an attempt to relieve a tension pneumothorax.
- 3. A grating sensation made when two pieces of broken bone are rubbed together or subcutane¬ous emphysema is palpated.
- 6. The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs.
- 7. The space between two ribs, named according to the number of the rib above it, that contains the intercostal muscles and neurovascular bundle.
- 10. The superior segment of the sternum; its lower border defines the angle of Louis.
- 12. Membrane lining the outer surface of the lungs (visceral pleura), the inner surface of the chest wall, and the thoracic surface of the diaphragm (parietal pleura).
- 13. An event in which an often-fatal cardiac dysrhythmia is produced by a sudden blow to the thoracic cavity.
- 16. A life-threatening collection of air within the pleural space; the volume and pressure have both collapsed the involved lung and caused a shift of the mediastinal structures to the opposite side.
- 17. A large, flat, triangular bone along the posterior thorax that articulates with the clavicle and humerus.
- 19. Alveolar collapse that prevents use of that portion of the lung for ventilation and oxygenation.
- 22. A collection of blood within the normally closed pleural space.
- 24. An injury that involves two or more adjacent ribs fractured in two or more places, allowing the segment between the fractures to move independently of the rest of the thoracic cage.