Across
- 3. The settling of scattered colonies of Jews outside ancient Palestine after the Babylonian exile
- 7. The ethical commandments of God given according to biblical accounts to Moses by voice and by writing on stone tablets on Mount Sinai
- 9. A ruler of ancient Egypt
- 10. A city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.
- 12. (In Judaism) the law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures (the Pentateuch).
- 13. A region of southwest Asia in the Tigris and Euphrates river system that benefitted from the area's climate and geography to host the beginnings of human civilization
- 15. A region in southern Egypt and the Sudan, north of Khartoum, extending from the Nile to the Red Sea.
- 16. An amount of something left over when requirements have been met; an excess of production or supply over demand.
- 17. An extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress.
- 18. Writing consisting of hieroglyphs.
Down
- 1. A monotheistic pre-Islamic religion of ancient Persia founded by Zoroaster in the 6th century BC.
- 2. A system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.
- 4. A prehistoric period that followed the Bronze Age, when weapons and tools came to be made of iron.
- 5. The belief in or worship of more than one god.
- 6. A succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field.
- 8. The doctrine or belief that there is only one God.
- 11. A system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.
- 14. A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.