Vocab

5. A theory explaining the structure of the Earth's crust and associated phenomena as resulting from interaction of rigid lithospheric plates which move slowly over the underlying mantle
8. the relatively thin part of the Earth's crust that underlies the oceanic basins
9. a main part of the world's land
11. a small area or region with a relatively hot temperature in comparison to its surroundings
15. A line of mountains connected by high ground
16. a tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other and forming magma that rises to the Earth's surface
17. a tectonic boundary where two plates are moving toward each other
18. A mountain or hill filled with magma, lave, hot rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas that's being erupted from the Earth's crust
19. a long narrow ditch
20. the upper layer of the Earth's mantle below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur
21. an extended break in a body of rock

1. the sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the Earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate
2. an elastic wave in the Earth produced by an earthquake or others means
3. a super continent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras
4. a straight line or narrow section through an object or natural feature or across the Earth's surface, along which observations are made or measurements taken
6. the point on the Earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake
7. a sudden and violent shaking of the ground
10. when tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally along strike-slip faults or transform faults
12. the thick part of the Earth's crust that forms the large landmasses
13. a divergent boundary in a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other
14. the rigid outer part of the Earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle