vocab

5. a fault along a plate boundary where the motion is predominantly horizontal
7. a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.
8. the formation of new areas of oceanic crust, which occurs through the upwelling of magma at midocean ridges and its subsequent outward movement on either side.
9. the upper layer of the earth's mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.
10. (of a rock formation) be broken by a fault or faults.
11. the sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate.
13. a large elongated depression with steep walls formed by the downward displacement of a block of the earth's surface between nearly parallel faults or fault systems.
14. the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
15. prominent long, narrow topographic depressions of the ocean floor.

1. an area on Earth where two or more lithospheric plates collide.
2. a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras
3. the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface through geological time.
4. a long, seismically active submarine ridge system situated in the middle of an ocean basin and marking the site of the upwelling of magma associated with seafloor spreading.
6. formed by the effects of folding on layers within the upper part of the Earth's crust.
12. a curved chain of volcanic islands located at a tectonic plate margin, typically with a deep ocean trench on the convex side.