Vocab 9

3. — Germanic peoples who settled in England after Rome’s fall.
4. — Nomadic empire from Central Asia that created the largest land empire in history.
5. — 1215 document limiting the English king’s power and protecting nobles’ rights.
7. — Renaissance belief focusing on human potential, reason, and classical learning.
11. — Charging interest on loans (often considered sinful in medieval Europe).
12. — Long conflict (1337–1453) between England and France over land and the French throne.
15. — A political and social system where land was exchanged for loyalty and service.
17. — A cultural rebirth (1300s–1600s) emphasizing art, learning, and classical ideas.
19. — A lord’s estate, including farmland, villages, and the manor house.
21. — Relating to the Middle Ages (roughly 500–1500 CE).
22. — A deadly plague (1347–1351) that killed millions in Europe.
23. — Describing an ideal, perfect society.

1. — Germanic kingdom in Western Europe; Charlemagne was their most famous ruler.
2. — A legal system based on court decisions and customs rather than written codes.
6. — Religious wars where European Christians attempted to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control.
8. — A peasant bound to a lord’s land, working it in return for protection.
9. — Groups from northern Europe (e.g., Goths, Vandals) who helped end the Western Roman Empire.
10. — A wealthy supporter of artists, writers, or scholars.
13. — The knightly code of honor, bravery, and courtesy.
14. — A noble who swore loyalty to a lord in exchange for land and protection.
15. — Land granted by a lord to a vassal.
16. — Non-religious; related to worldly matters.
18. — Nomadic people from Central Asia who settled in Hungary.
20. — A church court in Spain that sought to enforce Catholic orthodoxy, often harshly.