Vocab Choice Board - Unit 5

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Across
  1. 5. the process where a single cell divides to produce two identical "daughter" cells
  2. 9. a type of reproduction that involves only one parent, producing offspring that are genetically identical clones of the parent
  3. 10. the process where unspecialized stem cells transform into mature, specialized cells with unique structures and functions
  4. 12. the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule
  5. 13. a crucial stage of cell division (mitosis or meiosis) where condensed chromosomes align along the imaginary center line, or equator, of the cell
  6. 14. the third stage of mitosis and meiosis where replicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
  7. 16. the final physical division of a cell's cytoplasm into two separate daughter cells
  8. 18. normal genes that act as the body's "brakes" by slowing down cell division, repairing DNA mistakes, or telling cells when to die (apoptosis)
Down
  1. 1. a mutated or overactive gene that drives cancer by causing cells to grow and divide uncontrollably
  2. 2. a thread-like structure located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells that carries genetic information
  3. 3. special cells found in3-to-5-day-old embryos (blastocysts) that can turn into any cell type in the human body (pluripotent) and divide indefinitely
  4. 4. an ordered, repeating series of events that a cell goes through to grow, replicate its DNA, and divide into two identical daughter cells
  5. 6. two identical copies of a single replicated chromosome, joined together at a region called the centromere
  6. 7. the very first cell formed when a sperm and an egg unite (fertilization).
  7. 8. the first stage of cell division (mitosis and meiosis) where the cell prepares to divide
  8. 11. the longest, active stage of the cell cycle between divisions where a cell grows, performs its normal metabolic functions, and replicates its DNA in preparation for mitosis (division)
  9. 15. specialized cells that can turn into almost any cell type in the body
  10. 17. the final stage of mitosis or meiosis where chromosomes arrive at opposite poles of the cell, the spindle disassembles, and new nuclear envelopes form around each set of separated daughter chromosomes