Across
- 3. An informal group of advisors to President Andrew Jackson who met regularly to discuss political issues, often bypassing the official cabinet.
- 5. A prominent American politician and theorist from South Carolina known for advocating states' rights and the doctrine of nullification.
- 6. An influential American statesman and orator who argued for a strong federal government and against the states' rights doctrine.
- 11. Meetings where political party members nominate candidates for office and establish party platforms.
- 13. The forced relocation of Native American tribes, particularly the Cherokee, resulting in suffering and significant loss of life during their journey to Indian Territory.
- 16. A political philosophy emphasizing greater democracy for the common man and increased participation in government during the era of Andrew Jackson.
- 17. A Cherokee scholar who created a written syllabary for the Cherokee language, promoting literacy and cultural preservation.
- 19. A leader of the Sauk tribe who resisted U.S. removal policies, leading his people in the 1832 Black Hawk War.
- 20. A practice of appointing supporters to government positions by the political party in power, often regardless of their qualifications.
- 21. A major political party in the United States that evolved from the Democratic-Republican Party and supports populist principles associated with Andrew Jackson.
- 22. A political party that arose in the 1830s in opposition to Andrew Jackson's policies, advocating for a strong legislative branch and economic modernization.
- 23. A political confrontation in the early 1830s centered on South Carolina's attempt to nullify federal tariffs, leading to tensions with the federal government.
Down
- 1. The political theory claiming that individual states have the right to govern themselves and invalidate federal laws they consider unconstitutional.
- 2. A law enacted in 1830 that authorized the forced relocation of Native American tribes from their homelands to designated Indian Territory.
- 4. The 8th President of the United States and a key figure in the founding of the Democratic Party, known for his response to the Panic of 1837.
- 7. The 9th President of the United States, known for dying just 31 days into his presidency, making it the shortest in U.S. history.
- 8. Land set aside by the U.S. government in the 19th century for the relocation of Native American tribes, primarily located in present-day Oklahoma.
- 9. A government agency established in 1824 to oversee relations with Native American tribes and administer Indian policies.
- 10. The Tariff of 1828, which imposed high duties on imported goods and was opposed by Southern states for favoring Northern interests.
- 12. A leader of the Seminole tribe during the Second Seminole War who fought against U.S. attempts to remove his people from Florida, symbolizing Native American resistance.
- 14. A landmark Supreme Court case (1819) affirming the federal government’s implied powers and establishing federal supremacy over state laws.
- 15. A financial crisis that triggered a severe economic depression in the United States due to bank failures, land speculation, and declining international trade.
- 18. A Supreme Court case (1832) ruling that the state of Georgia could not impose its laws on Cherokee territory, affirming Native American sovereignty.