Across
- 1. Environmental factors that affect population size regardless of the population density, such as natural disasters.
- 6. The process by which an increasing percentage of a population comes to live in urban areas, typically associated with industrialization.
- 8. The measure of the number of deaths in a given population, expressed as a percentage or per 1,000 individuals.
- 10. A condition where the number of people exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.
- 11. The number of individuals living per unit of area, often expressed as people per square kilometer or square mile.
- 13. A graph that represents the number of individuals from a cohort that will survive to different ages, illustrating patterns of morality.
- 16. The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a given year within a population.
- 18. The movement of people from one place to another, which can affect population size and composition.
- 19. Environmental factors whose effects on the population change as the population density changes, such as competition for resources.
- 23. The period it takes for a population to double in size, often expressed in years.
- 24. The average period that a person can expect to live, often influenced by factors such as healthcare, lifestyle, and living conditions.
- 26. A mathematical formula used to estimate the number of years required for a population to double by dividing 70 by the annual growth rate.
- 27. A situation where a population exceeds the carrying capacity of its environment, leading to resource depletion.
- 28. Species that produce many offspring with little investment in their care, often found in unstable or unpredictable environments.
- 29. The ability to maintain certain processes or states indefinitely, often in relation to environment and resource management.
- 30. A resource that is in short supply and restricts the growth, distribution, or abundance of a population.
Down
- 2. The difference between the number of immigrants and migrants in a population over a specific period, expressed per 1,000 individuals.
- 3. The potential reproductive capacity of an individual or population, often measured by the number of offspring produced.
- 4. The number of live births per 1,000 people in a given year within a population.
- 5. Species that produce fewer offspring but invest more resources in their upbringing, leading to higher survival rates in stable environments.
- 7. The model that describes the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops.
- 9. The average number of children that a couple must have to replace themselves in the population, typically estimated at about 2.1 children per women in developed countries
- 12. Nations with advanced economies, high standard of living, and significant industrialization, typically characterized by higher levels of income and education.
- 14. The movement of individuals into a population from other areas, contributing to population growth.
- 15. The average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime.
- 17. Nations with low levels of industrialization, low income per capita, and generally lower standards of living.
- 20. The death of infants before their first birthday, often used as an indicator of the overall health and well-being of a population.
- 21. The maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support without degrading the ecosystem.
- 22. The average number of children a woman would have during her lifetime based on current-age fertility rates.
- 25. The movement of individuals out of a population to other areas, leading to a decrease in population size.