Across
- 3. A contradiction in terms (e.g. cold fire)
- 5. Reference to matters outside of literary work. For example, people, events, myths, legends, biblical, historical, Shakespearean, contemporary references.
- 10. The feeling or mood in a text; for example, an atmosphere of tension or danger in a thriller. Atmosphere is created by a combination of actions, characters and words or images used in a text.
- 15. Language which describes something in detail, using words to substitute for and create sensory stimulation, including visual imagery and sound imagery.
- 16. The use of specific objects or images to represent abstract ideas.
- 19. Where inanimate objects or abstract concepts are given human qualities
- 22. The running on of the thought from one line, couplet, or stanza to the next without a syntactical break (full stop, comma).
- 24. The special atmosphere or mood created by a particular environment: "The noir ambience is dominated by low- key lighting . . . and deep shadows, creating feelings of disorientation, loneliness and entrapment" .
- 26. Where future events in a story, or perhaps the outcome, are suggested by the author before they happen.
- 27. The repetition of vowel sounds in nearby words for emphasis, e.g. ‘asleep in the deep’.
- 29. A recurring important idea or image. A motif differs from a theme in that it can be expressed as a single word or fragmentary phrase, while a theme usually must be expressed as a complete sentence.
- 31. Is the ordinary, everyday speech of a particular place and time period. It is informal, casual and conversational.
- 32. Question A question asked that is not meant the be answered. It is not to gain information but to have the audience think about something more deeply.
Down
- 1. Irony implies the opposite of what is said. The intention is for the opposite to be understood. It is the tone which tempers or conveys this meaning. For example: “I can’t wait for my detention on Friday afternoon.”
- 2. language Words used deliberately to create an emotional impact or response. Emotive language is particularly common in poetry, in which language is at its most condensed and evocative.
- 4. Where sounds are spelled out as words; or, when words describing sounds actually sound like the sounds they describe.
- 6. Specialist language of a particular trade, sport, pastime or area of study, for example, medical jargon.
- 7. Theme is a pervading idea/message or focus that a text explores.
- 8. Where a specific word, phrase, or structure is repeated several times, usually in close proximity, to emphasize a particular idea.
- 9. Is an over-exaggeration not meant to be taken literally. It aims to create humour or to emphasise a point (e.g. She prepared enough food to feed an army.)
- 11. language Any use of language where the intended meaning differs from the actual literal meaning of the words themselves. There are many techniques which can rightly be called figurative language, including metaphor, simile, hyperbole, personification, onomatopoeia, verbal irony, and oxymoron.
- 12. A term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, without prejudice or objective. Bias is generally seen as a 'one-sided' perspective or prejudice.
- 13. The repetition of consonant sounds within close proximity, usually in consecutive words within the same sentence or line.
- 14. Simile is a comparison where one thing or idea is described as being similar to another. Similes usually contain the words “like” or “as”.
- 17. The “voice” of a poem; not to be confused with the poet him/herself.
- 18. Mocking, cutting type humour that is personal in intent and aims to humiliate.
- 20. The placing of two things side by side so that similarities or differences between the two texts are made obvious.
- 21. poet makes extensive use of figurative language, presenting the speaker’s feelings as colours, sounds and flavours.
- 23. A metaphor is a comparison without the use of “like” or “as”. A direct relationship where one thing or idea substitutes for another.
- 25. The apparent emotional state, or “attitude,” of the piece as conveyed through the language.
- 28. An overused expression or idea, e.g. ‘to die for’; ‘as thick as a plank’.
- 30. Compare by observing differences or opposites.