Across
- 5. / A large chunk of ice that has broken off a glacier and floats in the ocean.
- 9. / A large compressed mass of ice and snow that does not melt away in the summer.
- 10. / An area of wetlands that builds up where a river meets the ocean.
- 12. Effect / The change in the direction of winds and currents caused by the rotation of Earth.
- 15. Cycle / The evaporation of water into a gas in the atmosphere and the precipitation of water in the air as it falls back to Earth in the form of rain or snow.
- 18. / Vertical movement of water from the ocean floor, often caused by wind blowing surface water away from a shore.
- 19. / The highest part of a wave.
- 23. / Light produced by chemical reactions in the bodies of some living marine organisms.
- 27. / The process of heat transfer from one place to another by the movement of warm fluids from place to place.
- 31. / Precipitation that falls to land and flows into creeks ,streams, and rivers and eventually into the ocean.
- 33. Species / A new or foreign species that is introduced into a food web.
- 34. / The parts of the coastline that project farther out into the ocean than the land next to them.
- 35. Warming / The increase in the average temperatures of Earth's oceans and air near Earth's surface.
- 37. / All of the water on Earth including that in the atmosphere and lithosphere.
- 38. Range / The difference between high tide and low tide.
- 42. Ridges / The undersea mountain chains that are formed when magma oozes up and solidifies between tectonic plates that are moving apart.
- 43. / More of a particular species of fish are removed from an area that can be replaced by reproduction.
- 45. / Indented areas of coastland or areas in the coastline that are in between headlands.
- 46. Basin / The area of land from which water drains into a certain body of water.
- 47. / The deep area that is formed when an ocean plate collides with a continental plate and is forced to bend steeply down beneath the continental plate.
- 48. / The air surrounding the planet.
Down
- 1. / The crest of a wave that topples forward, collapsing onshore.
- 2. Tide / The largest tidal movements that occur when Earth, the Moon, and the Sun are in a line.
- 3. / The amount of mass in a certain volume; how tightly packed together the material is in a substance.
- 4. / A long smooth wave that moves steadily without breaking.
- 6. Precipitation / precipitation that carries acids formed by nitrogen and sulfur oxides, produced by burning coal and gasoline, that have combined with water in the air.
- 7. / The short-term conditions in the atmosphere at a specific place and time.
- 8. / A deep crack in a glacier.
- 11. / The solid rocky ground of Earth's crust.
- 13. / The amount of salt dissolved in a specific amount of water.
- 14. / Microscopic plant-like organisms that are a major source of food for many species of fish.
- 16. / Slow rise and fall of the ocean caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun.
- 17. / The growing and harvesting of marine species in a controlled marine area.
- 20. Heat Capacity / The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a specific amount of a substance by 1.0 degrees C (3.1).
- 21. Species / Organisms that are sensitive to pollution or other environmental changes; monitoring the numbers of these organisms helps scientists to gather information about the health of an ecosystem.
- 22. / Distance from one wave crest to the next; length of one unit of a wave that repeats itself.
- 24. tide / The smallest tidal movements that occur when the Sun and the Moon are at right angles to each other.
- 25. / A giant wave caused by an earthquake, volcanic eruption, or landslide on the ocean floor.
- 26. Water / Precipitation that falls on land and sinks out of sight and remains in cracks underground.
- 28. / The lowest part of a wave.
- 29. Shelf / The submerged, or underwater, part of the edge of the continents that slopes gradually away from land before dropping steeply downward.
- 30. Plain / The wide open regions of the ocean floor between the continents and the mountain ranges at the centre of the ocean.
- 32. / The force that pulls all masses toward the centre of Earth or any large mass.
- 36. / Part of the ocean below the surface where the temperature drops sharply with depth.
- 39. Point / The temperature at which a substance freezes or solidifies.
- 40. / A lowland area that is saturated with water for part or all of the year.
- 41. / Tiny animals that eat other types of plankton for food; also a food source for larger marine animals.
- 44. / Weather conditions of a specific area averaged over a long period of time, usually 30 years.