Across
- 5. A human-made hole that is deeper than the level of the water table
- 7. A rock’s ability to let water pass through
- 9. Sharp, icicle-shaped features that form on cave ceilings
- 11. the materials carried by a stream
- 14. the layer that lies directly between the impermeable layer and the lay of aeration
- 15. fan-shaped deposits that, unlike deltas, form on dry land
- 16. The amount of water that a stream or river carries in a given amount of time
- 17. the area of land that is drained by a water system
- 18. Heavy minerals sometimes deposited at places in a river where the current slows down
- 20. When the water table is lower than the level of a cave, the cave is no longer supported by the water underneath. The roof of the cave can then collapse, which leaves a circular depression
- 21. has a low gradient and little erosive energy. Instead of widening and deepening its banks, the river deposits rock and soil in and along its channel
- 22. erodes its channel deeper rather than wider. The river flows quickly because of its steep gradient. Its channel is narrow and straight. The river tumbles over rocks in rapids and waterfalls
- 24. the boundary between drainage areas that have streams that flow in opposite directions
- 25. erodes its channel wider rather than deeper. The gradient of a mature river is not as steep as that of a youthful river. Also, a mature river has fewer falls and rapids
- 26. The area along a river that forms from sediment deposited when a river overflows its banks
- 27. the path that a stream follows
- 29. the process by which soil and sediment are transported from one location to another
- 30. As its current slows, a river often deposits its load in a fan-shaped pattern
Down
- 1. the continuous movement of Earth’s water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean
- 2. the layer that lies directly between the zone of saturation and the earth's surface
- 3. the process in which material is laid down or dropped
- 4. A rock layer that stores groundwater and allows the flow of groundwater
- 6. the measure of the change in elevation over a certain distance
- 8. spring: a spring whose water flows from a crack in the cap rock of the aquifer
- 10. a stream that flows into a lake or into a larger stream
- 12. rivers are found where the land is raised by tectonic activity. When land rises, the river’s gradient becomes steeper, and the river flows more quickly
- 13. The percentage of open space between individual rock particles in a rock layer
- 19. water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock
- 23. the zone of aeration and the zone of subduction
- 28. zone: The ground surface where water enters an aquifer