Across
- 3. instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
- 4. instrument used to measure humidity
- 5. violent, whirling column of air in contact with the ground that can be very damaging
- 8. the long term average weather for a particular area
- 9. line on a weather map connecting areas of equal pressure
- 11. stored energy in water vapor that is not released to warm the atmosphere until condensation takes place
- 14. large volume of air that has the characteristics of the area over which it forms
- 16. weather forecast that compares current weather patterns to past ones
- 17. temperature to which air is cooled at a constant pressure to reach saturation
- 19. weather forecast that uses numerical data to predict how atmospheric variables change over time
- 22. a layered sheetlike cloud that covers most of the sky in a given area
- 24. area of Earth that has moderate temperatures
- 26. global wind system where surface air moves toward the poles in a easterly direction
- 27. extremely powerful; self-sustaining thunderstorm characterized by intense, rotating updrafts
- 29. area of Earth where solar radiation strikes at a low angle and is always cold
- 30. instrument used to wind speed
- 31. global wind systems that are characterized by cold air
- 32. violent downdrafts that are concentrated in a local area
- 33. extended period of above-average temperature caused by high pressure systems
- 37. extended period of below-average temperatures caused by high pressure systems
- 39. area over which an air mass forms
- 41. all solid and liquid forms of water that fall from clouds
- 42. boundary between two air masses of differing densities; and can stretch over large areas of Earth
- 45. record of weather data for a specific place at a specific time
- 46. classifies tornadoes on a scale ranging from F0-F5
- 48. large, low-pressure rotating tropical storm that gets its energy from heat
- 49. increase in temperature with height in an atmospheric layer
Down
- 1. occurs when hurricane-force winds drive a mound of ocean water towards shore
- 2. standard value for a location based on meteorological records
- 6. a branch channel of positively charged ions that rushes upward from the ground to meet the stepped leader
- 7. small particle in the atmosphere around which cloud droplets can form
- 10. the point at which water molecules leaving the surface equals the rate of water molecules returning
- 12. amount of water vapor in the atmosphere at a given point location
- 13. band where the strongest winds in a hurricane are usually concentrated around the eye
- 15. high clouds made of ice crystals that often have a wispy appearance
- 18. puffy, lump looking clouds
- 20. two global wind systems where air sinks, warms, and returns to the equator in a westerly direction
- 21. ratio of water vapor contained in a specific volume of air compared to how much water vapor that amount of air can actually hold
- 23. narrow wind band that occurs above large temperature contrasts
- 24. instrument used to measure temperature
- 25. cloud formation that occurs when warm moist air is rises up a mountain
- 28. the channel of partially air; the breakdown in charges in between positive and negative regions
- 34. Study of Earth’s climate in order to understand and predict climatic change
- 35. measures the windchill factor, by estimating the heat loss due to cold air and wind
- 36. area of Earth that receives the most solar radiation and is generally warm year round
- 38. short-term variations in atmospheric phenomena that affect life on Earth
- 40. extended period of well-below average rainfall, allowing high pressure systems to remain for extended periods over continental areas
- 43. line on a weather map connecting areas of equal temperature
- 44. balloon weather instrument used to measure conditions in the upper atmosphere
- 47. calm center of a tropical cyclone