Across
- 2. Payment or gift made by one ruler or nation to another, often to secure peace or protection.
- 3. West African empire that succeeded Mali, controlling trade along the Niger River and known for its military power.
- 7. Inheritance system where lineage and succession are traced through the father’s side.
- 8. Precious metal that was a major trade commodity in West Africa, fueling the growth of empires like Ghana and Mali.
- 11. Grassland region in Africa with scattered trees and a long rainy season, ideal for agriculture.
- 12. Major world religion that spread across Africa, influencing trade and culture.
- 14. Semi-arid region south of the Sahara, marked by limited rainfall and vegetation.
- 15. Largest desert in the world, covering much of North Africa, known for its harsh, dry conditions.
Down
- 1. Inheritance system where lineage and succession are traced through the mother’s side.
- 4. West African poet, historian, and storyteller who preserves oral traditions and genealogies.
- 5. West African empire known for its wealth from controlling the gold trade in the 8th to 11th centuries.
- 6. Secretive group in West Africa, known for hiding the locations of their rich gold mines from outsiders.
- 9. Wealthy emperor of Mali, famous for his pilgrimage to Mecca and spreading Mali’s fame in the 14th century.
- 10. Powerful West African empire, renowned for its wealth and the reign of Mansa Musa in the 13th and 14th centuries.
- 13. Valuable commodity traded across the Sahara, essential for food preservation and nutrition in West Africa.