Westward Expansion joey

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Across
  1. 3. was a person settling on land in the early west prior to the official opening to settlement in order to gain the claim.
  2. 5. young men mainly from Texas paid to herd and drive cattle north. Approximately ¼-⅓ all cowboys were Hispanic or African Americans (newly freed slaves-remembers it was 1865 ish)
  3. 10. a railroad that crosses an entire continent
  4. 13. Drive a long journey taken by cowboys to herd, or drive, cattle from the ranches in Texas north on trails leading to the railroads.
  5. 14. person who claimed land on the Great Plains under The Homestead Act of 1862 Sodbuster- settler on the Great Plains in the late 1800s who had to “bust” through thick sod to plant crops.
  6. 15. in 1883 The railroad companies agreed to divide the continent into fourzones
  7. 16. Famous businessman who during the expansion out west founded the R.W. Sears Watch Company, created the first- mail order catalog company which later become Sears Roebuck and Company
  8. 17. the place in northwestern Utah where the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads met on May 10, 1869, completing the transcontinental railroad.
Down
  1. 1. a house built of strips of sod laid like brickwork, and used especially by settlers on the Great Plains where timber was scarce.
  2. 2. used on the very last rail of the transcontinental railroad marking its completion.
  3. 4. Act Enacted by Abraham Lincoln in 1862 made available 160 acres of free farmland to adult men or widows 21 years of age who were head of their household and agreed to farm the land for 5 years.
  4. 6. Nickname given to the first African American Cavalry regiments of the U.S. Army who served in the western U.S. during 1867-1896, fighting Native American Tribes on the frontier
  5. 7. what the Native Americans called the Transcontinental Railroad.
  6. 8. a type of steel fencing with sharp points at various intervals. Invented by Joseph Gliden that resulted in closing the western frontier and ending the cattle drives and cowboy era.
  7. 9. a law passed by Congress in 1862 offering government loans and free land to the two companies building the transcontinental railroad. (President Lincoln)
  8. 11. Former slave turned Cowboy. Famous for his skills of roping, and cattle herding.
  9. 12. Famous cattle trail used to herd longhorns from San Antonio, Texas to Abilene, Kansas