Westward Expantion

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Across
  1. 2. Trail Famous cattle trail used to herd longhorns from San Antonio, Texas to Abilene, Kansas.
  2. 6. act Enacted by Abraham Lincoln in 1862 that made available 160 acres of free farmland to adult men or widows 21 years of age who were head of their household and who agreed to farm the land for 5 years.
  3. 9. a person settling on land in the early west prior to the official opening to settlement in order to gain the claim.
  4. 10. Soldiers Nickname given to the first African American Cavalry regiments of the U.S. Army who served in the western U.S. during 1867-1896, fighting Native American Tribes on the frontier.
  5. 11. Spike used on the very last rail of the transcontinental railroad marking its completion.
  6. 12. Warren Seals Famous businessmen who during the expansion out west founded the R.W. Sears Watch Company.
  7. 14. Point or Promontory Summit Utah the place in northwestern Utah where the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads met on May 10, 1869, completing the transcontinental railroad.
Down
  1. 1. Wire a type of steel fencing with sharp points at various intervals. Invented by Joseph Gliden that resulted in closing the western frontier and ending the cattle drives and cowboy era.
  2. 2. drive a long journey taken by cowboys to herd, or drive, cattle from the ranches in Texas north on trails leading to the railroads.
  3. 3. Houses a house built of strips of sod, laid like brickwork, and used especially by settlers on the Great Plains where timber was scarce.
  4. 4. person who claimed land on the Great Plains under The Homestead Act of 1862 Sodbuster- settler on the Great Plains in the late 1800s who had to “bust” through thick sod to plant crops.
  5. 5. Railway act a law passed by Congress in 1862 offering government loans and free land to the two companies building the Transcontinental Railroad.
  6. 7. Love Former slave turned cowboys famous for his skills of roping and cattle herding.
  7. 8. young men mainly from Texas paid to herd and drive cattle north. Approximately ¼-⅓ all cowboys were Hispanic or African Americans (newly freed slaves-remembers it was 1865 ish)
  8. 13. horse the names givin to the transcontinental railroad