WH 1: (Africa and Asia)

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Across
  1. 3. [Islamic empires] Enabled territorial expansion
  2. 5. [China] Manchu invasion, expanded territory through conquest and tribute
  3. 7. [Trans-Saharan trade] Facilitated trade of gold, salt, and slaves
  4. 12. [Late 18th century] Imported Western goods, technology, culture
  5. 14. [West African Sahel] Regulated trans-Saharan trade
Down
  1. 1. [East Africa] Established via Indian Ocean trade
  2. 2. [Post-Golden Horde] Eastward expansion, reduced nomadic autonomy
  3. 4. [Mali] Prominent ruler in West African Sahel
  4. 6. [Islam] Diffused religion and literacy
  5. 8. [East Africa] Bantu language with Arabic elements
  6. 9. [Late 18th century] Relatively limited interaction
  7. 10. [China] Nearly three centuries of stability
  8. 11. [Indian Ocean] Expanded trade in spices, luxury goods, slaves, gold, silver
  9. 13. [1500] Spread Islam, Buddhism, and Asian technologies