Women in Stem

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  1. 3. Self-taught Seneca Nation archaeologist. Her discovery in 1930 of stone tools alongside a skull of the extinct giant ground sloth was evidence that humans were in North America for at least 10,000 years.
  2. 7. British biochemist. She produced X-ray diffraction images of DNA that were later used by James Watson and Francis Crick to determine the double helix structure of DNA.
  3. 9. Black American chemist. She developed the first effective treatment for leprosy, later known as the Ball Method, which was widely used for over thirty years until the introduction of sulfone drugs
  4. 10. American doctor, engineer and NASA astronaut. In 1992, she became the first Black woman to travel in space, where she conducted medical research while orbiting the Earth 127 times over eight days aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour.
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  1. 1. American mathematician. In 1958, she became the first Black female aeronautical engineer to work at NASA, where her research on air flow in wind tunnels and actual flight experiments helped improve aircraft design.
  2. 2. British biochemist. She used X-ray crystallography to confirm the structure of biological molecules, such as penicillin, insulin and Vitamin B12, for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize (Chemistry) in 1964.
  3. 4. Polish-born French physicist and chemist. She was the first woman to be awarded a Nobel Prize (Physics), in 1903, for her research on X-rays and radioactivity, and the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize (Chemistry), in 1911, for her discovery of the elements polonium and radium.
  4. 5. British primatologist. She is best known for setting the standard for animal behaviour research through her decades-long work with chimpanzees in Tanzania and her global conservation work to protect wildlife.
  5. 6. American geneticist and pioneer in plant cytogenetics. She was awarded the Nobel Prize (Physiology) in 1983 for her discovery that genetic elements in maize chromosomes could change position, causing other genes to become active or inactive.
  6. 8. Kenyan environmental and political activist. She founded the Green Belt Movement in Africa to fight deforestation and promote sustainable development, for which she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004, the first for an African woman.