Across
- 2. The process in which nouns and verbs become grammatical markers (affixes, prepositions, etc.)It creates function words as opposed to content words.
- 6. Words borrowed from other languages that don't usually get altered (e.g. pizza, bungalow, sushi)
- 10. An abbreviation in which we use the initial letters of two or more words to create a new one (e.g. RAM - Random Access Memory)
- 11. A linguistic process that alters word forms that are irregular, making them regular (abide by common rules, e.g. 'help' used to have the preiterite forms 'holp' and holpen' but now conform to the regular/weak form 'helped' with an '-ed' ending).
- 13. Used to change a word from one class to another (e.g. Zoom > to Zoom, change from noun to verb)
- 14. We add these after the stem of the word, they show what class of word it is (e.g.natural + ly = naturally, etc)
Down
- 1. We remove a part of the word - usually a suffix. Commonly done when turning nouns into verbs (e.g. 'to enthuse', which comes from 'enthusiasm')
- 3. When the meaning of a word becomes negative or over a period of time (e.g. 'silly', from Middle English 'seely', meaning 'blessed', or 'innocent', now means 'showing a lack of good sense', or 'frivolous.'
- 4. The linking together of two or more bases to make a new word (e.g. bird + cage = birdcage)
- 5. An abbreviation in which we shorten one or more syllable from a word (e.g. lab, instead of laboratory)
- 7. When the meaning of a word is elevated that is when a word with a negative sense develops a positive one (e.g. In 1300 approx. 'nice' meant someone who was foolish, silly, simple; ignorant, senseless, or absurd.)
- 8. An abbreviation in which we combine parts of existing words to form new ones(e.g. breakfast + lunch = brunch)
- 9. Changing society gives us many opportunities for these (e.g. emergence of the Internet and digital media created e-commerce and e-books)
- 12. We add these before the stem of a word (e.g. un + usual = unsual)