Across
- 2. - Egyptian process of preserving bodies for the afterlife
- 4. - Da Vinci, artist who exemplified Renaissance ideals through realistic paintings conveying human emotion
- 5. - African people whose migrations spread iron technology across sub-Saharan Africa
- 8. - Cultural rebirth that began in Florence, meaning "rebirth" in French
- 10. - Religious communities that preserved knowledge during the Middle Ages
- 15. - Member of the gentry class at the top of Ming Dynasty China's social hierarchy
- 16. - Indian empire known for religious tolerance, trade networks, and tremendous wealth
- 17. - Famous Egyptian burial structure built as part of elaborate afterlife practices
- 18. - Greek philosopher who, along with Plato and Aristotle, taught the use of logic
- 21. - Japanese military government led by a shogun, though emperors held ceremonial power
- 25. - Succession of powerful leaders all from the same family
- 27. - Plague that devastated Europe during the Middle Ages, killing millions
- 28. - India's social hierarchy system that grew stronger during the Gupta Empire
- 29. - City whose fall to the Turks opened new trading routes and gave the Ottoman Empire control of essential waterways
- 30. - Organization in Florence that regulated trade and manufacturing, ensuring economic benefits for members
- 31. - Empire that developed at the intersection of major trading routes, becoming a vital link between Europe and Asia
- 33. - Related to the sea; the Ottoman Empire became a major ___ empire due to access to waterways
- 35. - Language of the church that Renaissance thinkers studied for scholarly works
- 37. - Khan who, along with his grandson Kublai, built one of history's largest empires
- 38. - Payments to reduce punishment for sins, whose sale provoked Martin Luther to write his 95 Theses
- 39. - Civilization that unified territory through infrastructure like roads, storehouses, and garrisons
Down
- 1. - Exchange involving the massive transfer of people, animals, plants, and diseases between Old and New Worlds
- 3. - Italian city-state where the Renaissance began, made wealthy by wool cloth manufacturing
- 6. - Medieval system where peasants worked the land for noble lords, weakened by demands for higher wages
- 7. - Warrior class at the top of Tokugawa Japan's strict social system
- 9. - Empire that rose to power through war, tradition, and trade, requiring human sacrifices
- 10. - Believing in one God who created everything (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam)
- 11. - Head of the church in the Byzantine Empire who allowed political rulers to make decisions
- 12. - Economic system where governments controlled economies to increase state power
- 13. - Christian military campaigns aimed at capturing the Holy Land from Islamic rulers
- 14. - Worshiping many gods, particularly the Sun (Maya, Aztec, and Inca)
- 19. - Japanese shogunate that established peace and stability while isolating Japan from the world
- 20. - Ancient civilization that believed the afterlife was a dark, frightening place
- 22. - Agreement between God and believers in Judaism, promising protection for faithfulness
- 23. - Renaissance intellectual movement encouraging pursuit of secular concerns alongside religious ones
- 24. - Philosophy emphasizing social order and family loyalty that provided the foundation for Chinese society
- 26. - Artistic style emphasizing lifelike depictions, characteristic of Renaissance and Leonardo da Vinci's work
- 32. - Payment demanded by the Aztec Empire from conquered peoples in the form of goods and victims
- 34. - Corn crop that was central to Maya, Aztec, and Inca agriculture
- 36. - Religious upheaval in the 1500s that led to a decline in Catholic Church power