Across
- 1. Marketplace
- 4. Thousand and One Nights Includes tales from India, Persia, and Arabia
- 5. (Holy Book of Islam) Messages received from Allah for more than 20 years (not written until after Muhammad dies); Guidelines for how to live: Honesty, respect, kindness, obedience to Allah and forbids murder, lying, and stealing
- 7. Leads Mogul empire to prosperity, but after religious freedom ends with persecution of Hindus
- 9. most important city; at trade crossroad and religious center
- 13. built along trade routes
- 16. "The Lawgiver" Ottoman sultan who organized laws and built schools and mosques
- 17. Towers from which an announcer calls Muslims to prayer five times each day
- 18. Used to determine location at sea and confirms that the Earth is round
- 22. created to train doctors, pharmacies and medical clinics
- 24. Greek and Roman texts that would contribute to the Renaissance
- 25. Result of experimentation with metal
- 26. Wealthy merchants and religious leaders thought he was destroying their authority
- 28. Christians and Jews who are to be treated kindly
- 30. Muslim houses of worship (also serve as schools, courts, and centers of learning
- 32. Any chosen person can lead
- 33. Believe Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, was rightful heir, so his descendents should lead
- 34. founder of Islam; Successful merchant from Mecca who has a vision in a cave calling him to be a prophet of Allah
- 36. One all-powerful God (Allah) who created the universe (like Christianity and Judaism) and judges right and wrong
- 37. Invents algebra
- 38. Muslim leaders said no creating images of living creatures because of idol worship
- 39. numerals Adopted from the Indian culture
- 40. Abbas United Persia and sought to overthrow the Ottoman Empire
Down
- 1. Tribal Nomads who herd animals, live in tents and battle over water and supplies
- 2. Overthrew the Umayyads ; considered the Golden Age of Islam
- 3. Building in Mecca with stone from heaven (important pilgrimage site)
- 6. Family that takes control of Islam and spreads it through war; is stopped at the Battle of Tours in France
- 8. Islamic Law based on the Quran and created over centuries by Islamic scholars included no gambling, eating pork, or drinking alcohol
- 9. Merchants Help spread Islam, Arabic language, Banking, technologies and develop cities as centers of trade
- 10. Adopted from China and brought to the West
- 11. Muhammad Dies; Muslim leaders choose a caliph (leader) to protect and spread Islam
- 12. Holy site in Jerusalem
- 14. Nomadic warriors take Baghdad run government as Sultans; overthrown by Mongols
- 15. Discovered that blood circulates to and from the heart; Described how diseases spread
- 19. (Required acts of worship) 1.Belief, 2.Pray 5x a day, 3.Charity, 4.Fasting during Ramadan, 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca
- 20. Muhammad flees Mecca and arrives in Medina in 622; first year of the Muslim calendar
- 21. Manage families and households, but allowed to own property, invest in trade, and inherit wealth
- 23. desert with high temperatures, little water and oasis
- 27. Conquered Constantinople (Istanbul) and the Byzantine Empire
- 29. largest and most powerful Muslim empire
- 31. Mogul ruler Shah Jahan built it as a tomb for his wife
- 34. In charge of government, society, and business
- 35. Groups of traveling merchants for protection against Bedouin raids