Across
- 2. debt securities issued by the U.S. government to finance its involvement in World War I. Citizens were encouraged to purchase these bonds as a form of financial support for the war effort.
- 8. a British ocean liner sunk by a German U-boat in 1915. The incident contributed to the U.S. decision to enter World War I.
- 11. a naval tactic involving the use of submarines to sink any vessels, including civilian ships, without warning. Germany's use of this played a significant role in the United States' decision to enter World War I.
- 14. also known as the Central Powers, was a military alliance consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire during World War I.
- 18. a major theater of operations during World War I, involving conflicts between the Central Powers and the Allies in Eastern Europe, primarily Russia
- 21. the peace treaty signed in 1919 that officially ended World War I. It imposed harsh penalties on Germany and laid the groundwork for the League of Nations.
- 23. this group took over new responsibilities in the workforce and contributed to the war effort in various capacities
- 24. the belief in maintaining a strong military and using it aggressively to achieve national goals. The arms race among European nations before World War I is an example of militaristic tendencies.
- 25. a strong identification with one's nation, often leading to a belief in its superiority and a desire for self-determination. Nationalistic sentiments were a significant factor contributing to the outbreak of World War I.
- 26. a secret diplomatic communication sent by Germany to Mexico during World War I. It proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico if the United States entered the war against Germany.
- 27. German submarines used in naval warfare during World War I, particularly in the campaign of unrestricted submarine warfare.
Down
- 1. a U.S. law that made it illegal to criticize the government, flag, or military uniforms during World War I, leading to restrictions on freedom of speech.
- 3. a military strategy characterized by soldiers occupying fortified trenches, facing each other across no man's land. It was a prominent feature of the Western Front during World War I.
- 4. a U.S. law that prohibited interference with military operations or recruitment and the support of enemies during wartime.
- 5. a set of principles outlined by President Woodrow Wilson as the basis for a just and lasting peace after World War I. They included ideas such as open diplomacy, self-determination, and the creation of the League of Nations.
- 6. a landmark Supreme Court case that dealt with freedom of speech during wartime. The ruling established the "clear and present danger" test, limiting free speech rights during times of war.
- 7. the policy of extending a nation's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Imperialistic competition among European powers was a contributing factor to World War I.
- 9. an international organization established after World War I with the goal of promoting peace and preventing future conflicts. It was a key component of President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points.
- 10. the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne whose assassination in 1914 triggered the events leading to the outbreak of World War I.
- 12. enacted in 1917, authorized the U.S. government to draft young men into military service during World War I.
- 13. formal agreements or treaties between nations for mutual support and defense. The complex system of ____________ in Europe contributed to the rapid escalation of World War I.
- 15. Migration, refers to the mass movement of African Americans from the rural Southern United States to the urban North between 1916 and 1970. World War I contributed to this migration as job opportunities increased in Northern industrial cities.
- 16. a foreign policy approach wherein a country seeks to avoid entangling alliances and involvement in the affairs of other nations. The United States, for example, followed this policy before entering World War I
- 17. led to the overthrow of the Tsarist regime and the rise of the Bolsheviks, a socialist faction led by Vladimir Lenin. Russia subsequently withdrew from World War I.
- 19. a military alliance formed between France, Russia, and the United Kingdom before World War I.
- 20. refers to a nation's policy of not taking sides or actively participating in conflicts between other nations.
- 22. payments or compensation made by a defeated nation to the victors after a war. Germany was required to pay significant ________ as part of the Treaty of Versailles.
- 23. a major theater of operations during World War I, characterized by trench warfare and significant battles between the Allies (France and England) and the Central Powers.