Across
- 4. II: The last czar of Russia, who abdicated in 1917 and was later executed.
- 5. The elected national legislature established by Nicholas II after the 1905 Revolution.
- 9. Lenin: The leader of the Bolshevik Revolution and the first head of Soviet Russia.
- 11. The class of factory and railroad workers that Marxists believed would overthrow the czar.
- 13. A deadlock situation where neither side can defeat the other, common on the Western Front.
- 15. Warfare: A type of combat in which opposing troops fight from parallel ditches dug into the ground.
- 16. The British passenger liner sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, turning U.S. public opinion against Germany.
- 18. The secret police force used by the communists to eliminate political opposition.
- 19. The nickname for a German submarine, derived from the word Unterseeboot.
- 20. of Brest-Litovsk: The 1918 peace agreement between Germany and Russia that ended Russian involvement in WWI.
- 21. An agreement to end fighting; signed on November 11, 1918.
Down
- 1. Wilson: The U.S. President who authored the "Fourteen Points" for peace.
- 2. An elite group of socialists led by Lenin that seized power during the October Revolution.
- 3. The "mad monk" who gained great influence over the Czarina Alexandra.
- 6. Note: A German telegram proposing an alliance with Mexico against the United States.
- 7. Local councils of workers and soldiers that competed for power with the provisional government.
- 8. The glorification of military power and the constant preparation for war.
- 10. Franz Ferdinand: His 1914 assassination in Sarajevo was the "spark" that started the war.
- 12. Revolution Clues
- 14. Entente: The pre-war alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia.
- 17. Trotsky: The war commissar and intellectual who organized the Bolshevik seizure of power and led the Red Army.