Across
- 2. of Nations: An international organization created after World War I to promote international cooperation and prevent future wars. It was largely ineffective, however, due to the lack of support from powerful nations like the United States. Fourteen Points: A set of principles for peace outlined by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson in 1918. They called for self-determination, disarmament, and the creation of the League of Nations.
- 3. The act of spying, gathering secret information, or using undercover agents to gather intelligence. It was important during WWI to gather information about the enemy.
- 4. Wilson: U.S. President during World War I. He is known for his Fourteen Points peace plan and his efforts to establish the League of Nations.
- 5. Garden: A garden planted by civilians during World War I to help conserve food for the military effort.
- 10. Scare: A period of intense fear and suspicion of communism and other leftist ideologies. The Red Scare in the United States after WWI led to the persecution of many labor activists and immigrants.
- 14. A slang term for Australian soldiers during World War I.
- 16. of Versailles: The treaty that formally ended World War I. It was signed by the Allies and Germany in 1919 and imposed harsh penalties on Germany, including territorial losses, disarmament, and reparations.
- 18. A strong feeling of pride and loyalty to one's country, often to the point of believing your country is superior. This can lead to conflict with other nations.
- 19. A British passenger liner sunk by a German submarine in 1915. The sinking of the Lusitania outraged public opinion in the United States and contributed to the country's entry into the war.
- 20. Information designed to persuade people to believe a certain point of view, often using biased or misleading information. It was used heavily during WWI to encourage support for the war effort.
- 22. A formal agreement to end fighting in a war. The armistice that ended World War I was signed on November 11, 1918.
- 25. A country that does not take sides in a conflict. Many countries remained neutral during WWI, including the United States for the first few years of the war.
Down
- 1. The idea that people should have the right to choose their own form of government. This was a key principle of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points.
- 6. Payments made by a defeated country to the victors after a war to compensate for damages and losses. Germany was forced to pay heavy reparations to the Allies after WWI. Cost of living: The average cost of basic necessities such as food, housing, and transportation. This increased sharply during WWI due to wartime shortages and inflation.
- 7. A situation where neither side in a conflict can make significant progress. This was a common outcome of trench warfare in WWI.
- 8. Powers: The group of countries that fought against the Allies in World War I. Major Central Powers included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
- 9. To force someone to leave a country, especially for political reasons. Many suspected communists and radicals were deported from the United States during the Red Scare.
- 11. The belief that a strong military is essential for national security and that a country should prepare for war. This can lead to an arms race and an increased risk of conflict.
- 12. Ferdinand: Archduke of Austria-Hungary who was assassinated in Sarajevo in 1914. His assassination triggered the outbreak of World War I.
- 13. A system of mandatory military service where citizens are required to join the army.
- 15. strike: A work stoppage involving workers in multiple industries. This was a common tactic used by labor unions to pressure governments during the early 20th century.
- 17. Goods that are illegal to trade, especially during wartime. During WWI, goods like weapons, ammunition, and certain types of food were contraband U-boat: German submarine used during World War I. They were particularly feared for their ability to sink ships without warning.
- 21. The group of countries that fought against the Central Powers in World War I. Major Allies included France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States.
- 23. A formal agreement between two or more countries. The Treaty of Versailles was a key treaty signed after WWI.
- 24. A group of ships traveling together for protection, often accompanied by warships. This was a common strategy during WWI to protect merchant ships from attacks by submarines.
- 26. Warfare: A form of warfare where opposing armies fight from fortified trenches dug into the ground. This was a major feature of World War I and resulted in long, bloody stalemates.