Across
- 2. usually a plot of land granted to a vassal by a lord in return for the vassal’s loyal support
- 6. a woman dedicated to the religious life
- 9. a group of people descended from Vikings who settled in a region of northern France which became known as Normandy
- 11. a series of wars fought by Christians and Muslims between 1096 and 1291 CE over control of the Holy Land
- 12. a deadly plague that spread across Asia, Europe and Africa during the fourteenth century
- 14. the act of betraying one’s own country or ruler
- 15. a medieval peasant who worked on the manor of a feudal lord
- 16. a medieval warrior of Europe, who typically pledged his services to a lord (sometimes the king) in exchange for a fief
Down
- 1. a military strategy used to weaken a castle by cutting it off from the outside world
- 2. a group of radical Christians during the Black Death who whipped themselves to gain God's forgiveness
- 3. a term first used by ancient Romans to describe someone living outside their borders
- 4. blackened, swollen, pus filled lymph nodes
- 5. an object, small or large, made or changed by people
- 7. under feudalism, a person who offered his loyalty and service to a lord in return for his protection
- 8. a region ruled by a king or a queen
- 10. a man dedicated to the religious life
- 13. a way of organising people or groups of things so that the most important is at the top