Across
- 3. sweat glands located all over the body that excrete sweat; open directly onto the skins surface through pores; most abundant on the forehead, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet; not associated with hair follicles
- 6. a mixture of sebum from the sebaceous glands and moisture from the sweat glands; serves as a protective barrie to keep bacteria out; helps maintain the skins normal pH range
- 7. study of the skin, its structure, functions, diseases, and treatments
- 11. function of the skin to secrete sebum
- 13. loose connective tissue made up of collagen and elastin; consists of loosely woven fibers that make skin soft and pliable; gives the skin strength, flexibility, and support
- 14. pigment granules containing melanin
- 16. function of the skin to help maintain the body's temperature
- 17. function of the skin to permit certain substances to penetrate through the cells of the epidermis, hair follicles, and sweat glands
- 20. pigmentation that occurs as a result of variables and external factors, such as overexposure to UV rays, acne,injuries to the skin, or hormones
- 22. glands such as sweat and sebaceous glans that release their secretions into ducts that deposit the granular secretions on the surface of the skin
- 23. layer of the skin immediately underlying the epidermis; made up of the papillary and reticular layers; also called the dermal layer, derma, cornium, cutis, or true skin
- 24. front portion of the nail matrix that creates a half-moon shape at the base of the nail plate; appears lighter in color when visible
- 25. organs that produce substances that perform a specific function of the body; glands are classified by where their secretions are places
- 26. technical name for nail
- 30. oil glands. that produce sebum
- 34. tiny openings or "passageways" that allow sweat or sebum to pass through the surface of the skin
- 35. form of protein called keratin
- 36. consist of protein keratin and epithelial cells that cover and protect the inside of the body; also called corneocytes
- 39. function of the skin; feeling or perception generated by tactile nerve endings just under the outer layer of the skin that makes you aware of heat, cold, touch, pain, and pressure
- 40. finger-like projections in the dermis filled with capillaries that supply nourishment to the epidermis and germinal matrix
- 43. outermost protective layer of the skin; composed of five layers of cells; also known as cuticle or epidermal layer
- 46. nail area that extends from the free edge to the matrix; made of layers of hard, nonliving, keratinized nail cells, with no nerves or blood vessels
- 48. made up of adipose and areolar tissues; also called the hypodermis, adipose, subcutis, or subdermis
- 49. found in the hair cortex, cuticle, and nail plate
- 50. function of the skin to climate sweat, salt, and waster products from the body, helping to remove toxins from the internal systems and regulate temperature
- 51. fatty tissue composed of adipocytes (fat cells); store energy, provide protection and insulate; located around organs and subcutaneous layer
- 53. upper layer of the dermis, rich in blood vessels, and capillaries
- 54. deepest level of the epidermis where mitosis or cell division takes place
- 55. prickle cell layer
- 56. study of the structure and growth of the nail
Down
- 1. layer of transparent or lucid cells in the epidermis; located on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet where there are no hair follicles
- 2. sensory cells that respond to touch
- 4. primary keratin of skin cells found in the epidermis
- 5. a pigment that gives skin and hair their color
- 8. helps protect the body from infection
- 9. glands of the endocrine system that release hormones directly into the blood; known as ductless glands
- 10. the live tissue at the underside portion of the proximal nail fold (PNF) covering the new growth of the nail plate; houses specialized stem cells that create the cuticle
- 12. surface ridges of the epidermis the palms and soles where the sweat pores open; provide palms and soles with traction (fingerprints)
- 15. sweat glands located under the arms, in the genitals, and the nipples; excrete a "milky sweat", activated at puberty
- 18. small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat
- 19. uppermost layer of the epidermis; the toughest layer
- 21. small filaments that connect the epidermis to the dermis
- 27. living tissue on the sides of the nail that overlies the nail plate
- 28. cells that produce the melanosomes or pigment granules containing melanin that give color to the skin
- 29. active tissue that generates cells, which harden as they move outward to form the nail plate
- 31. a medical skin specialist
- 32. function of the skin to shield the body from the direct impact of heat, cold, bacteria, environmental pollutants, harsh temperatures, and UV radiation
- 33. muscle that extends from cells in the dermis and attaches to a follicle just below the sebaceous gland; causes the hair to stand on end when a person is scared or cold
- 37. layer of the epidermis below the stratum lucidum and above the stratum spinosum
- 38. area where the nail plates rests; nerves and blood vessels found here supply nourishment to the nail
- 41. the area underneath the free edge that creates a seal to prevent bacteria from entering the nail bed
- 42. lowest level of the dermis
- 44. part of the nail that extends beyond the finger or toe; protects the tips of the fingers and toes
- 45. process by which cells change their shape, push older cells to the surface; cells become flat, hard, and eventually die, forming a dead layer at the skins surface
- 47. outer covering of the hair strand; made up of overlapping layers of transparent scales; protects the cortex
- 52. protein substance found in the hair, skin, and nails; contains a chain of amino acids that include glycine, serine, leucine, and glutamic acid