Across
- 1. Ongoing expenses a business must pay to operate on a day‑to‑day basis (e.g., wages, utilities, rent).
- 3. Money borrowed from external lenders (usually banks) that must be repaid with interest.
- 5. The movement of money into and out of a business. Healthy cash flow is essential for paying bills and running operations.
- 9. When a business buys goods or services but pays for them later (e.g., “30 days to pay”).
- 10. Funds obtained from outside the business, such as loans, selling shares, or government grants.
- 11. Money raised by selling shares in the business. Shareholders then own a portion of the company.
- 13. Limitations or restrictions that affect business decisions, such as budget limits, regulations, or time.
- 15. An asset pledged as security for a loan. If the borrower fails to repay, the lender can claim the asset.
- 18. Funds raised from within the business, such as retained profits or selling assets.
- 19. A measure of how much profit an investment generates compared to its cost.
- 21. Raising small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically using online platforms.
- 22. When income is greater than expenses; similar to profit in non‑profit organisations.
- 23. A situation where a business grows too quickly without enough working capital to support that growth, leading to cash flow problems.
- 24. Profit the business keeps after paying expenses, taxes, and dividends. It can be used for reinvestment.
- 26. Current Assets – Current Liabilities.
Down
- 2. Spending money on something expected to generate future returns—for example, equipment, shares, or new product development.
- 4. Goods a business holds for sale, or materials used to produce them; also called stock.
- 6. A flexible form of borrowing where a bank allows a business to withdraw more money than is in its account, up to a set limit.
- 7. The money available for the day‑to‑day running of the business.
- 8. Selling unpaid customer invoices to a factoring company at a discount in order to get cash quickly.
- 12. The process of gradually gathering or building up money, assets, or investment value over time.
- 14. Individuals or groups who are affected by or interested in a business’s activities (e.g., employees, customers, suppliers, the community, shareholders).
- 16. Anything a business owns that has value—for example, buildings, machinery, vehicles, cash, or inventory.
- 17. Inputs used by a business to produce goods or services (e.g., labour, raw materials, machinery, money).
- 20. Investment from specialist firms or investors who fund high‑risk, high‑growth businesses in exchange for partial ownership.
- 25. (Gain – Cost) / Cost × 100%