acadecasocialscience2023-24

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Across
  1. 3. an early electronic computer, built in 1941 by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry
  2. 6. a shorthand syntax for writing computer programs, intended for the convenience of programmers
  3. 7. a computer intended for interactive use by one person at a time
  4. 10. a computer that is designed to be 100 percent compatible with another computer made by a different manufacturer
  5. 16. a class of computer that is smaller and less expensive than a mainframe
  6. 17. a type of software application that facilitates mathematical analysis, good to know when organizing things too
  7. 18. the number of transistors that can fit on a processor will double every eighteen months
  8. 20. a small electrical component that regulates electric charge
  9. 21. a computer terminal with an integrated keyboard and printer
  10. 22. another name for the “stored program” computer design
  11. 23. a layer of software that runs between the hardware and the applications
  12. 24. an early electronic computer, manufactured in 1949 by the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation for Northrup Aircraft Corporation
  13. 26. “Adding manpower to a late software project makes it later.”
  14. 28. a wafer of semiconductor material (typically silicon) into which multiple transistors and other electronic components are placed
  15. 29. a way of sharing a single (expensive) computer among several users
  16. 30. a largely obsolete term for a handheld computer
Down
  1. 1. an integrated circuit that puts the central processing unit on a single chip
  2. 2. an electrical component that resembles a lightbulb, but which regulates electric charge
  3. 4. a way of operating with a computer in which the user selects icons on a screen to perform actions
  4. 5. acronym popularized by researchers at Xerox PARC in the 1970s to describe the visual nature of the Graphical User Interface
  5. 8. a precise, step-by-step list of instructions for accomplishing a given task
  6. 9. a computer application so compelling that users want to buy the computer just to run the program
  7. 10. An early form of computer memory, it consists of a series of small magnetic rings
  8. 11. a “high-level” language, that is generally easier to learn than assembly language
  9. 12. a branch of artificial intelligence in which the algorithm is fed lots of “training data”
  10. 13. similar to timesharing, a form of outsourcing wherein an organization does not operate its own servers on-site, but rather pays for computer time and storage on another organization’s servers
  11. 14. a form of visual computer display in which the visual area is divided into thousands or millions of tiny dots of light, called pixels
  12. 15. a protocol for high-speed local area networking
  13. 19. an early form of mechanical calculator, mass-produced in the early twentieth century and sold as office equipment
  14. 25. the first “killer app” for computer networking
  15. 27. an agreed-upon format for communication between different programs and computer models