Across
- 1. Growing different crops in alternating strips across a field to reduce soil erosion and improve land use.
- 5. Practices and regulations designed to prevent foodborne illnesses and ensure food is safe to consume.
- 10. A railway system that connected the eastern and western United States, facilitating the transportation of agricultural products and goods.
- 11. Decayed organic matter used as fertilizer for enriching soil.
- 12. Domesticated animals raised for food, labor, or other products like milk, wool, and leather.
- 13. Made from natural materials like compost or manure, used to improve soil quality without synthetic chemicals.
- 15. Microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi that can cause disease.
- 16. Businesses that buy large quantities of goods from producers to sell in smaller amounts to retailers or other businesses.
- 17. A powerful machine used in farming for tasks such as plowing, planting, and harvesting.
- 19. The process of breaking down fat molecules in milk to ensure an even distribution, preventing cream from separating.
- 24. Chemicals used to control or eliminate pests that damage crops.
- 25. Practices aimed at preventing soil erosion and maintaining soil fertility for sustainable farming.
- 28. The practice of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising animals for food, fiber, and other products.
- 30. Energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals.
- 31. The conversion of raw ingredients into consumable food products through methods like cooking, packaging, and preserving.
- 33. The artificial application of water to land to assist in the growth of crops.
- 36. A type of fencing material with sharp metal points, commonly used to enclose livestock.
- 37. A form of shifting cultivation where trees and vegetation are cut down and burned to clear land for farming.
- 38. Substances added to soil to supply essential nutrients to crops for better growth.
- 41. A farming method where land is cleared, used for crops, and then abandoned after a few years for new land.
- 42. Substances in food that are necessary for the body’s growth, maintenance, and energy.
- 43. Plants grown specifically to be plowed back into the soil to enrich it with nutrients.
- 44. Crops that are bred or engineered to produce more food per unit of land.
Down
- 2. The process of heating liquids, such as milk, to kill harmful microorganisms without altering the product.
- 3. Soil that contains the nutrients necessary for the healthy growth of plants.
- 4. The process of preparing products for distribution and sale, including food items.
- 6. The use of biological organisms or systems to develop products, such as genetically modified crops.
- 7. The practice of growing different types of crops in the same area in sequenced seasons to maintain soil health and reduce pest problems.
- 8. Creating flat platforms on hilly terrain to prevent soil erosion and make farming possible on slopes.
- 9. Engineering: The modification of an organism's genetic makeup to achieve desired traits, such as disease resistance or higher yield.
- 14. Resources like fossil fuels that cannot be replenished on a human timescale.
- 18. Equipment used in the farming process, such as tractors, plows, and harvesters.
- 20. Decomposed organic material in soil, which helps improve soil fertility.
- 21. Farming along the contours of the land to reduce water runoff and soil erosion.
- 22. Businesses that sell products directly to consumers, often in smaller quantities.
- 23. Caused by consuming contaminated food, often caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites.
- 26. An early stage of development in animals and plants, often used in genetic engineering to create improved livestock.
- 27. The process of transporting and delivering food and other goods from producers to consumers.
- 29. The process of growing crops for food, fiber, and other uses.
- 32. The entire process involved in producing food and fiber, from farming to food processing and distribution.
- 34. A type of farming in which crops are grown primarily to feed the farmer's family, with little to no surplus for sale.
- 35. Equipment designed to reduce the amount of human labor required in farming.
- 39. The process of collecting and recording information about the population, including the agricultural sector.
- 40. The presence of harmful substances or microorganisms in food, which can cause illness.