Across
- 5. part of the thin filament of smooth muscle but we don’t know what it does
- 8. the official name for the binding of myosin heads of thick filaments to actin of thin filaments
- 9. a type of smooth muscle that is almost always contracted like in sphincters or blood vessels
- 10. a protein in the SR that binds calcium to keep free calcium levels low inside the SR to pull even more Calcium into the SR.
- 13. the hallmark of cardiac muscle polarization graph, indicates that the cardiac muscle maintains contraction longer
- 14. one complete cycle of muscle contraction and relaxation, summed these generate whole muscle movements
- 16. the shape of smooth muscle cells
- 18. a contraction where the force is less than resistance and the muscle lengthens.
- 20. the unit that allows calcium release into the cell of cardiac muscle, made up of the T-tubule and small terminal cisternae of SR
- 25. a specialized membrane protein that requesters calcium to the sarcoplasmic reticulum
- 27. the smooth muscle’s version of troponin where Calcium binds
- 28. a type of graded muscle response where of the active muscle fibers, some are contracting with greater force, some less
- 31. the CNS controlling and coordinating the activity of groups of skeletal muscle fibers results in __________
- 33. a theoretical condition of the muscles where a massive amount of force is generated in a single, non fluctuating contraction.
- 34. a hormone that acts on Beta 1 adrenergic receptors on cardiac myocytes leading to stronger contraction of the heart.
- 35. the microscopic appearance of both cardiac and skeletal muscle cells
- 36. a neurotransmitter that has the same effect as epinephrine in the heart.
Down
- 1. a contraction where the muscle is developing tension while changing length
- 2. the neuromuscular junction of smooth muscle
- 3. plaques on the periphery of the cell which links individual smooth muscle cells to other to distribute tension across sheets of smooth muscle
- 4. a contraction where the force is greater than resistance and the muscle shortens
- 6. an enzyme that dephosphorylates myosin to deactivate it.
- 7. type of graded muscle response where some muscle fibers are active while some are not
- 11. type I/oxidative twitch, skeletal muscle fibers contract slowly but for sustained periods of time
- 12. part of the thin filament of smooth muscle but we don’t really know what it does
- 15. a type of smooth muscle that is almost always relaxed like in the bladder or esophagus
- 17. part of the calmodulin MLCK complex which phosphorylates the regulatory light chain of myosin with one ATP to activate Myosin
- 19. the pulling/stretching force on bone generated by muscles
- 21. that structure of smooth muscle that acts like the T-tubule
- 22. a marker of heart attack in the blood
- 23. a structure in smooth muscle that connects to dense plaque and follows the pattern of the contractile proteins.
- 24. a unit made up of a motor neuron and the muscle fiber it innervates.
- 26. the dissociation of Pi from the myosin head triggers the ____________ , in which the head bends, pulling the thin filament toward the myosin tail
- 27. Another protein that binds calcium inside the SR to keep free calcium levels low in side the SR to pull more calcium into the SR
- 29. a contraction where the muscle is developing tension without changing length
- 30. type II/glycolytic twitch, skeletal muscle fibers contract rapidly but for short periods of time
- 32. the molecule required for the myosin head to release actin