Across
- 4. Aztec emperor defeated and killed by Spanish conquistador Hernando Cortez
- 7. Spanish soldier and commander; led an expedition in 1540 to Arizona; searching for legendary Seven Cities of Gold but only found Adobe pueblos
- 9. Spanish government's policy to give Indians to colonists to Christianize them
- 11. Agricultural system, employed by North American Indians as early as 1000 AD; maize, beans, and squash were grown together to maximized yields
- 12. Frenchman who followed the Mississippi Rover all the way to the Gulf of Mexico, claiming the region for France and naming it Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV
- 13. Indian slave woman who was an interpreter for Hernan Cortez on his conquest of the Aztecs
- 14. Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lime (1475-1541)
- 15. Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico
- 17. Mississippian settlement near present-day East St. Louis, home to as many as 25,000 Native Americans
- 21. First part of the American landmass to emerge above sea level
- 23. Spanish missionary who worked to abolish the encomienda system and documented the mistreatment of the Indians in Spanish colonies
- 24. People of mixed Indian and European heritage, notably in Mexico
- 25. Native American empire in present-day Mexico until they were conquered by Hernan Cortes in 1521
- 26. Small vessel with high decks and three triangular sails; could sail closely into wind, allowing European sailors to explore western shores of Africa
- 27. Economic system characterized by private property, generally free trade, and open and accessible markets
Down
- 1. Societies in which political legitimacy and authority overlay a large degree of cultural commonality
- 2. Signed by Spain and Portugal, dividing territories of the New World
- 3. "Sad Night" when Aztecs attacked Hernan Cortes and his forces in Aztec capital, Tenochitlan, killing hundreds
- 5. South American civilization in present-day Peru until it was conquered by Spanish forces under Francisco Pizarro in 1532
- 6. King and Queen of a united Spain in late 15th century
- 8. Pueblo Indian rebellion that drove Spanish settlers from New Mexico
- 10. Genoese explorer who discovered the West Indies in 1492 while in search of a new water route to Asia
- 16. 16th century Spaniards who fanned out across the Americas, from Colorado to Argentina, eventually conquering the Aztec and Incan Empires
- 18. Italian explorer who led English expedition in 1497 that discovered the mainland of North America and explored the coast from Noza Scotia to Newfoundland
- 19. False notion that Spanish conquerors did little but butcher the Indians and steal their gold in the name of Christ
- 20. The transfer of goods, crops, and diseases between New and Old World societies after 1492
- 22. A large-scale agricultural enterprise growing commercial crops and usually employing coerced or slave labor
- 23. Fought between Spaniards under Don Juan de Onate and Pueblo Indians in present-day New Mexico; Spaniards won and established New Mexico in 1609