Across
- 1. entire mass of protoplasm of all the cells in a plant, interconnected by plasmodesmata. Symplast
- 4. region lying between the tropics and the poles that has relatively moderate temperatures
- 7. end-to-end, tubelike, water-conducting cells in the xylem of angiosperms
- 8. central, vertical root growing directly below the main stem or trunk that may or may not persist into plant maturity
- 9. specialized phloem cells involved in the photosynthate transport. Exist only in angiosperms
- 10. pattern of wood development in which the large-diameter vessels are concentrated in the earlywood
- 13. lateral movement of substances, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tree or stem
- 16. downward-growing roots that provide anchorage and take up water and minerals. Especially useful during periods of drought
- 17. main water-and mineral-conducting (unidirectional, up only) tissue in trees and other plants. Provides structural support. Arises(inward) from the cambium and becomes wood for lignifying.
- 20. increase in the root and stem girth or diameter. Occurs on lateral meristems in some vascular plants such as dicots
- 21. tendency of growth or variation of a plant in response to an external stimulus such as gravity(geotropism) or light(phototropism)
- 24. in plants, process by which carbs are converted into energy by using oxygen
- 25. in physiology, plant part that produces carbs. Mature leaves are sources
- 27. water vapor loss through the stomata of leaves
- 30. region at the base of a palm stem where lateral roots emerge
Down
- 2. long, slender phloem cell in gymnosperms
- 3. natural boundary formed chemically within a tree to separate damaged wood from existing healthy wood. Important process of compartmentalization
- 5. substance produced by a plant that, in low concentrations, affects physiological processes such as growth and development, often at a distance from the substance point of origin
- 6. compound effective in small quantities that affects the growth and/or development of plants. May be naturally produced(hormone) or synthetic
- 11. association of two different types of living organisms that is often, but not always, beneficial to each
- 12. parenchyma tissues that extend radially across the xylem and phloem of a tree and function in transport, storage, structural strength, and defense
- 14. area where the main roots join the plant stem, usually at or near ground level. Root collar
- 15. bud at the tip of a twig or shoot. Apical bud
- 18. elongated, tapering xylem cell adapted for the support and transport of water and elements
- 19. process of increasing plant numbers, both sexually and asexually
- 22. outer wood(xylem) that is active in the longitudinal transport of water and minerals
- 23. root and stem growth in length. Occurs at the apical meristems and lateral meristems of all vascular plants
- 26. dense network of roots near the base of a palm
- 28. small pores, between two guard cells on the underside of leaves and other green plant parts, through which gases are exchanged and water loss is regulated
- 29. plant part that uses or stores more energy than it produces