Across
- 3. The historical text Shakespeare used, which recounts the story of an 11th-century Scottish king.
- 7. What Henry VIII was named by Pope Leo X for attacking Luther's beliefs ("Defender of the _______").
- 9. Macbeth's accomplice in Holinshed's Chronicles but an innocent victim in Shakespeare's play.
- 11. The first English colony established in North America in 1607.
- 12. The Queen who ascended to the throne in 1558 and returned England to Protestant control.
- 15. Historical figure whose claim to the throne was questionable but brought stability as the first Tudor king.
- 19. The son of Henry VIII who died after six years on the throne, succeeded by his sister Mary.
- 21. A group of Protestants who focused on purifying the English church from any vestiges of Roman Catholicism.
- 23. The first wife of Henry VIII, mother of Mary I.
- 24. The English fleet shattered the Spanish _______ in 1588.
- 25. The city in Italy where Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa in 1503.
- 27. The English port city that was growing in power and importance as the population and trade increased.
- 28. The invention that made printing books a faster and cheaper process, developed by Gutenberg.
- 30. The kind of society England was until the end of the fifteenth century, centered on farming.
- 31. The last name of the writer of "Sonnet 75".
- 34. Sir Walter Raleigh claimed that whoever commands the trade of the world commands the _______ of the world.
- 35. The month of Shakespeare's birth and death.
- 39. The religious movement initiated by Martin Luther.
- 40. The scientist whose On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres was published in 1543.
- 41. Mary I, Henry VIII's daughter, was a devout _______ who had nearly 300 Protestants burned at the stake.
- 42. The Elizabethan pronoun that corresponds to the contemporary English word "your".
- 45. The country where the action of Macbeth is originally set.
- 47. The city where Michelangelo painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in 1509.
Down
- 1. The governing body James I struggled with, foreshadowing the civil war.
- 2. The contemporary dramatist of Shakespeare about whom we know more, according to critic Irving Ribner.
- 3. John _______, the Italian-born explorer who laid the basis for future English claims in North America in 1497.
- 4. The country where the Renaissance began in the fourteenth century.
- 5. Shakespeare's wife's maiden name.
- 6. The name of the character injured by Laurence Olivier during a staged sword fight.
- 8. One of the twins born to Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway.
- 10. The language English literature was increasingly written in during the English Renaissance.
- 13. The term for Elizabethan audience members who stood throughout the performance after paying a penny.
- 14. The location across the Thames River where the Globe was rebuilt.
- 16. An Elizabethan actor's status was complicated, often considered a _______ and a vagabond by some city fathers.
- 17. The term city fathers sometimes used for actors.
- 18. The time period in England between 1485 and 1625, marked by a rebirth of learning.
- 20. The year Shakespeare was born.
- 22. The English poet who wrote The Canterbury Tales at the beginning of the Renaissance in Europe.
- 26. Elizabeth I's mother.
- 29. What Shakespeare's plays, like Macbeth, are considered when they are not comedy.
- 32. Martin Luther believed this, rather than the Pope, was the source of spiritual authority.
- 33. The famous theater rebuilt by the King's Men in 1599, referred to as "this wooden O" by Shakespeare.
- 36. Elizabeth I's father.
- 37. The person who built the first telescope in 1609.
- 38. The invention that aided European navigators in the Age of Exploration.
- 43. The family name of the dynasty that began with Henry VII.
- 44. The first Stuart king of England who succeeded Elizabeth I.
- 46. The royal line established by Henry VII.