Across
- 2. unique lymphocytes that are part of the nonspecific defenses
- 4. the initial response of the humoral arm of the immune system to an antigen
- 6. branch of the immune system that targets specific antigen; involves B and T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells
- 7. a substance that causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
- 8. descendants of a single cell
- 12. the passage of blood cells through intact vessel walls into the tissues
- 15. including toxins, foreign proteins, or bacteria that, when introduced to the body, is recognized as foreign and activates them immune system
- 21. an endocrine gland active in the immune system
- 22. a group of plasma proteins that normally circulate in inactive forms
- 23. a protein molecule, released by plasma cells, that mediates humoral immunity; an antibody
- 25. defensive proteins that assist the innate defenses by attacking microbes directly or by preventing their reproduction
- 27. immunity produced by an encounter with an antigen; provides immunological memory
- 29. blockage of the harmful effects of bacterial exotoxins or viruses by the binding of antibodies to their functional sites
- 30. an enzyme found in sweat, saliva, and tears that is capable of destroying certain kinds of bacteria
- 31. a depressed area where vessels enter and leave an organ
- 32. member of T cell and B cell clones that provides for immunological memory
- 34. natural defenses that protect against all foreign material
- 36. the type of T lymphocyte that orchestrates cellular immunity by direct contact with other immune cells and by releasing chemicals called cytokines
- 37. pure preparations of identical antibodies that exhibit specificity for a single antigen
- 38. an agent or chemical substance that induces fever
- 40. cells that display portions of foreign antigens to T cells; include dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes
- 41. immunity provided by antibodies released by sensitized B cells and their plasma cell progeny
Down
- 1. allergies; overreaction of the immune system to a perceived threat, resulting in tissue damage
- 3. type of T lymphocyte that slows or stops activity of B and T cells once the antigenic threat is ended
- 4. short-lived immunity resulting from the introduction of “ donated antibodies” obtained from an immune animal or human donor
- 5. white blood cells formed in the bone marrow that mature in the lymphoid tissue
- 9. organs in the lymphatic system, including lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils
- 10. second and subsequent responses of the humoral arm of the immune system to a previously met antigen
- 11. weakened or killed antigen injected into a person for the purpose of stimulating a primary immune response; conveys artificial active immunity; results in immunological memory
- 13. the process by which a B cell or T cell becomes sensitized through biding contact with an antigen
- 14. disease-causing microorganisms
- 16. a physiological response of the body to tissue injury
- 17. the lymphatic vessels and lymphoid tissues and organs, including lymph nodes
- 18. effector T cell that directly kills foreign cells
- 19. immunity conferred by lymphocytes called T cells
- 20. cell particularly abundant in lymphatic and connective tissue
- 24. resulting from the deficient production or function of immune cells or certain molecules
- 26. member of a B cell clone; specialized to produce and release antibodies
- 28. antigen-specific defenses mounted by activated lymphocytes
- 33. the body system responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and foreign cells
- 35. lymphocytes that oversee humoral immunity; their descendants differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells
- 39. an abnormal accumulation of fluid in body parts or tissues; causes swelling