Across
- 2. Words or expressions that have been directly translated into a different language, such as the French word gratte-ciel, literally “scratch-sky,” which is a calque on the English word for skyscraper.
- 5. Refers to a variety of American English spoken by many African American
- 6. A name given to a group of people based on ethnicity.
- 10. An English-based creole with many West African language features, spoken in the coastal areas of the southeastern United States.
- 11. Fake variety of English that is characterized by fake Chinese accents, attributed to Asian Americans regardless of their ethnic origin and first language.
- 12. The understanding of linguistic change in the context or community in which the change occurs.
- 13. The blending of both English and Spanish that is spoken by speakers who know both languages to varying degrees.
- 14. Distinction between social groups through differences in economics, education, and familial prestige.
Down
- 1. The use of Spanish-inspired phrases in English to create a fake or mock Spanish, popularized by the anthropologist Jane Hill.
- 3. A variety of American English said to be spoken by many African Americans.
- 4. Refers to the association of individuals with whom a speaker regularly interacts.
- 7. A language that children learn at home in a society that speaks a different language
- 8. The form of a language that is spoken in informal, everyday settings and is commonly seen as less prestigious
- 9. A popular “common sense” theory of how the world works, often unsubstantiated or stereotypical.