Across
- 7. potential energy stored in chemical bonds
- 8. a substance that contributes hydroxide ions to a solution
- 12. The bond formed when elements share electrons
- 14. the physical law stating that when energy is transformed, the quantity of energy remains the same, but its ability to do work diminishes
- 16. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
- 17. randomness in a system
- 19. an analysis to determine inputs, outputs, and changes in a system under various conditions
- 24. The smallest particle that can contain the chemical properties of an element
- 25. the number that indicates the relative strength of acids and bases in a substance
- 26. a feedback loop in which change in a system is amplified
- 30. A property of water that occurs when adhesion of water molecules to a surface is stronger than cohesion between the molecules
- 33. the ratio of the amount of energy expended in the form you want to the total amount of energy that is introduced into the system
- 36. a highly organized living entity that consists of the four types of macromolecules and other substances in a watery solution surrounded by a membrane
- 37. the ability to do work or transfer heat
- 38. a molecule in which one side is more positive and the other side is more negative
- 39. the energy of motion
- 41. A measurement of the amount of matter an object contains
- 44. The number of protons in the nucleus of a particular element
- 45. A substance composed of atoms that cannot be broken down into smaller, simpler components
- 48. a loss from a system
- 49. The spontaneous release of material from the nucleus of radioactive isotopes
- 52. a compound that contains carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds
- 53. a compound that does not contain the element carbon or contains carbon bound to elements other than hydrogen
- 54. the amount of energy used when a 1-watt electrical device is turned on for 1 second
- 55. the rate at which work is done
Down
- 1. a feedback loop in which a system responds to a change by returning to its original state, or by decreasing the rate at which the change is occurring
- 2. a reaction that occurs when atoms separate from molecules or recombine with other molecules
- 3. a physical law which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can change from one form to another
- 4. a chemical bond between two ions of opposite charges
- 5. an increase in the acidity of the oceans
- 6. a law of nature stating that matter cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change form
- 9. a property of water that results from the cohesion of water molecules at the surface of a body of water and that creates a sort of skin on the water’s surface
- 10. a form of energy emitted by the sun that includes, but is not limited to, visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared energy
- 11. a plan that provides flexibility so that managers can modify it as changes occur
- 13. a system in which exchanges of matter or energy occur across system boundaries
- 15. A measurement of the total number of protons and neutrons in an element
- 18. a compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
- 20. a state in which inputs equal outputs so that system is not changing over time
- 21. a nucleic acid that translates the code stored in DNA, which makes possible the synthesis of proteins
- 22. organic compounds found in all living cells
- 23. A particle that contains more than one atom
- 25. a massless packet of energy that carries electromagnetic radiation at the speed of light
- 27. a smaller organic biological molecule that does not mix with water
- 28. the ease with which an energy source can be used for work
- 29. a system in which matter and energy exchanges do not occur across boundaries
- 31. an addition to a system
- 32. a critical component of living organisms made up of a long chain of nitrogen-containing organic molecules known as amino acids
- 34. a weak chemical bond that forms when hydrogen atoms that are covalently bonded to one atom are attracted to another atom on another molecule
- 35. the measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance
- 40. stored energy that has not been released
- 42. A molecule containing more than one element
- 43. A chart of all chemical elements currently known, organized by their properties
- 46. Anything that occupies space and has mass
- 47. The time it takes for one-half of an original radioactive parent atom to decay
- 50. a nucleic acid, the genetic material that contains the code for reproducing the components of the next generation, and which organisms pass on to their offspring
- 51. a substance that contributes hydrogen ions to a solution