Across
- 5. a chemical messenger that regulates cell differentiation, proliferation, and immune responses
- 6. immunity that gives temporary protection created by the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another, rather than the body producing its own
- 9. a large phagocytic cell that engulfs foreign particles and pathogens
- 12. a type of t lymphocyte that is adaptive, and directly kills infected cells via perforin and granzymes
- 15. watery fluid that bathes tissues and organs with protective white blood cells
- 17. a specific type of cytokine released by virus-infected cells that warn neighboring cells to inhibit viral replication
- 18. a process that enhances phagocytosis using proteins to tag a pathogen
- 20. a colorless cell that circulates in the blood and body fluids and is involved in counteracting foreign substances and disease
- 24. an immune cell that detects, engulfs, and informs the adaptive immune response by presenting processed antigens on its surface
- 26. a lymphocyte that can kill cells infected with viruses or tumor cells
- 29. a type of molecular pattern that represents a "signature" expressed by pathogens, but not host cells
- 30. a specialized immune cell that acts as a bridge between the innate and adaptive systems (it also processes antigen material and presents it on its surface to activate t cells)
Down
- 1. leukocyte that is histologically identifiable by its large nuclei; it is a small cell with very little cytoplasm
- 2. a type of complex of proteins on cell surfaces that signal whether a cell is healthy or infected/cancerous
- 3. immunity that occurs naturally because of genetic factors or physiology
- 4. localized redness, swelling, hear, and pain resulting from the movement of leukocytes to a site of infection
- 7. a type of hypersensitivity where the immune system incorrectly reacts to "self" antigens
- 8. lymphocyte that has differentiated, such as a B cell, plasma cell, or cytotoxic T lymphocyte
- 10. a type of system with an array of about 20 proteins that enhance phagocytosis, puncture pathogens, and recruit lymphocytes
- 11. the process where a specific b cell that matches an antigen is selected and then rapidly clones itself to make an army of cells to fight the specific infection
- 13. the specific smal part of an antigen molecule to which an antibody or lymphocyte receptor actually binds
- 14. a foreign or non-self protein that triggers an immune response
- 16. an antigen-specific b or t lymphocyte that can immediately become an effector cell upon re-exposure to the same pathogen
- 19. immunity that has memory and occurs after exposure tto an antigen either from a pathogen or vaccination
- 21. a lymphocyte that matures in the thymus gland; one of the main cells involved in the adaptive immune system
- 22. a lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and differentiates into antibody secreting plasma cells
- 23. a type of lymphocyte that binds apcs and stimulates b cells or secretes cytokines to initiate the immune response
- 25. a type of immune cell that secretes antibodies (arise from stimulated b cells
- 27. a protein produced bu plasma cells after simulation by an antigen; also known as immunoglobulin
- 28. a destructive protein (used by NK and cytotoxic t cells) that pores in the membrane of a target to destroy it