Across
- 1. this mechanism amplifies the response of enzymes to substrates.
- 3. Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe.
- 7. The reactant an enzyme acts on is referred to as the enzyme's
- 10. Forms as the substrate enters the active site, the enzyme changes shape slightly due to interactions between the substrate's chemical groups
- 11. The use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one.
- 14. The portion of a system's energy that can perform work when temperature and pressure are uniform throughout the system, as in a living cell.
- 15. Do not directly compete with the substrate to bind to the enzyme at the active site.
- 17. A reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy.
- 19. A measure of disorder, or randomness.
- 20. An organic molecule cofactor.
- 21. contains the sugar ribose, with the nitrogenous base adenine and a chain of three phosphate groups bonded to it.
- 23. The term used to describe any case in which a protein's function at one site is affected by the binding of a regulatory molecule to a separate site.
- 25. Begins with a specific molecule, which is then altered in a series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product.
- 27. a macromolecule that acts as a catalyst
- 28. The initial investment of energy for starting a reaction
- 29. The recipient with the phosphate group covalently bonded to it is then called
- 30. A restricted region of the enzyme molecule which actually binds to the substrate.
- 31. The energy of the universe is constant; Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
- 32. a process that can occur without an input of energy is called a spontaneous process.
Down
- 2. Consume energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones; they are sometimes called biosynthetic pathways.
- 4. An object not presently moving may still possess energy
- 5. The totality of an organism's chemical reactions
- 6. The study of how energy flows through living organisms.
- 8. Energy that can be associated with the relative motion of objects
- 9. A metabolic pathway is switched off by the inhibitory binding of its end product to an enzyme that acts early in the pathway.
- 12. term used by biologists to refer to the potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction.
- 13. Reaction that absorbs free energy from its surroundings.
- 16. The capacity to cause change.
- 18. enzymes require non protein helpers for catalytic activity.
- 22. kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules.
- 24. Some metabolic pathways release energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds.
- 26. The study of the energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter